Bulk solids, conveying belts

Eocus Conveying Belt Technology," Bulk Solids Handling (Nov. 1991). 

Different conveyors such as the belt, chain, and screw types, as well as pneumatic equipment, are used to transport bulk powdered foods. Conveyor belts are used for movement of different types of bulk solids at long distances. The belt and its load are supported on idlers on both conveying and return sections. The material can be discharged over the end of the belt either by using a diagonal scraper, by tilting one or more of the idler pulleys, or by using a tripper. 

Roberts, A.W. 2001. Recent developments in belt conveying—bulk solid and conveyor belt interactions. In Handbook of Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids (A. Levy and H. Khalman, eds), pp. 225-233. Elsevier, New York. 

Recent developments in belt conveying - bulk solid and conveyor belt interactions... 

Referring to Fig. 3, as the belt moves between the idlers, the bulk solid is subject to transverse acceleration in the y direction. As discussed in Ref.[6], this can result in reduced friction between the bulk solid and the belt leading to slip during inclined conveying. If the belt speed is fast enough, then lift-off and fall-back may occur. Both slip and lift-off can give rise to spillage. 

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