Bulk electrolytic DC conductance

According to die Arrhenius theory of dissociation, molecules of acids, bases, and salts react with water molecules to form separate ions. Water ionizes the substances, and these 

Svante August Arrhenius (1859—1927), Swedish physicist and chemist. 1903 Nobel Prize laureate in chemistry on electrolytic dissociation theory. 

Hydration is the buildup of a sheath of dipoles around a central ion because of ion-dipole forces. According to Debye -Huckel, the central ion is also surrounded by a slight excess 

Kohhausch showed that conductivity, o, is composed of separate contributions from anions (—) and cations (+). The current density, J [A/m ], of a single anion—cation pair is 

The current density, J, of Eq. (2.1) must be summed up with contributions from each negative and positive ion species. Note that it may be difficult to find the activity coefficients of individual ion species because of electroneutrality—an electrolyte cannot consist of only anions or cations. 

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