Buffers in capillary electrophoresis

Nilsson, S. L., Andersson, G., Sjoeberg, P. J. R., Bylund, D., Petersson, P., Joernten-Karlsson, M., and Markides, K. E. (2003). Phosphate buffers in capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure photoionization and electrospray ionization. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 17, 2267-2272. 

The key operational parameter in free-solution capillary electrophoresis is the pH of the running buffer, as the electroosmotic flow and ionization of the analyte can be regulated by this variable. The role of buffers in capillary electrophoresis has been discussed in detail, with emphasis on buffer concentration, buffer type, and pH effects [10]. The effect of organic solvents on separation and migration behavior has been studied for dipeptides [11] and somatostatin analog peptides [12]. The order of migration as well as the selectivity may be manipulated by organic modifiers in... 

Cao, C.X., Zhang, W., Qin, W.H., Li, S., Zhu, W., and Liu, W., Quantitative predictions to conditions of zwitterionic stacking by transient moving chemical reaction boundary created with weak electrolyte buffers in capillary electrophoresis. Anal. Chem., 77, 955, 2005. 

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