Bradford Particle Design

The SEDS process appeared not long after the other antisolvent processes just described, and it was first developed and patented by Bradford Particle Design (15). The general principle is the same as that for SAS process supercritical CO2 and the organic solution are introduced cocurrently in the reactor, and... 

Bradford Particle Design patented another way to perform the SEDS. In this method, nitrogen was the antisolvent, while the substrate to be micronized was solubilized in CO2. Salicylic acid was processed by means of this approach (140) Table 4 provides additional examples (15,16,132-134,136, 137,141-156). 

Bradford Particle Design PLC, UK, and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company... 

There also exists a cadre of companies that specialize in research and development and take refining up to a certain scale. Among the more prominent ones are Phasex, Praxair, Norac, Marc Sims Inc., Separex-Hitex, Flavex, Critical Processes Ltd., Bradford Particle Design (BPD), CPM Inc., Wells Investments Ltd., and Aphios Corp. These companies and a host of other organizations, consultancies, academia, and government laboratories can be useful sources for technical consultation/information. 

We thank the Royal Society (fw provision of a University Research Fellowdiip to AIC) and Bradford Particle Design, Avecia, and EPSRC (GR/R1SS97 + GR/23653) for financial support. Acknowledgement is made to the Donors of The Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society, for partial travel support to AIC. 

Bradford Particle Design, Ltd, Listerhills Science Park, Bradford BD7 IHR, United Kingdom... 

Andreas Kordikowski, Dr.rer.nat. Technology Development, Bradford Particle Design pic, Bradford, West Yorkshire, England... 

SEDS (solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids) The second modification of the gas antisolvent process known as solution-enhanced dispersion by SCFs was developed by the Bradford Universityt in order to achieve smaller droplet size and intense mixing of SCF and solution for increased transfer rates. Indeed the SCF is used both for its chemical properties and as spray enhancer by mechanical effect a nozzle with two coaxial passages allows the introduction of the SCF and a solution of active substance(s) into the particle-formation vessel where pressure and temperature are controlled (Figure 8.5). The high velocity of the SCF allows breaking up the solution into very small droplets. Moreover, the conditions are set up so that the SCF can extract the solvent from the solution at the same time as it meets and disperses the solution. Similarly, a variant was recently disclosed by the University of Kansas, where the nozzle design leads to development of sonic waves leading to very tiny particles, around 1 /rm. 

JC Eeeley. The design and characterisation of powder particles for respiratory drug dehvery. PhD dissertation. University of Bradford, Bradford, UK, 1999. 

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