Brachiocephalic artery

Teupser D, Pavlides S, Tan M, Gutierrez-Ramos JC, Kolbeck R, Breslow JL. Major reduction of atherosclerosis in fractalkine (CX3CLl)-deficient mice is at the brachiocephalic artery, not the aortic root. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 101(51) 17795-1800. 

Second level of thoracic vessels—aortic arch arteries, common carotid and subclavian arteries, and innominate/brachiocephalic artery. 

The right hemisphere was more affected in this case, because the contrast medium injected into the left ventricle or ascending aorta during angiography is likely to reach the right brachiocephalic artery first. The hyperdensity of the affected cerebral hemisphere seen on CT scanning was due to leakage of the iodinated contrast medium into the extracellular space, because of an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. 

Fortunately, an excellent alternative to open surgical management of CBS has become available, consisting at first of various endovascular techniques for occluding major brachiocephalic arteries [25,27,29-36]. Furthermore, within the last several years, endovascular revascularization techniques utilizing stent technology also have become more readily available, providing additional options for the successful treatment of CBS without sacrifice of the carotid circulation [37-43]. 

For the minipig (Fig. 11), the brachiocephalic trunk arises from the aortic arch and divides into the right subclavian and the bicarotid trunk (7). The bicarotid trunk then divides into the left and right carotid arteries. The left subclavian artery arises further downstream directly from the aortic arch. 

Fig. 2.1.2. Recipient cardiectomy. Intraoperative situation after recipient cardiectomy, before starting the standard biatrial heart implantation technique. Note the insertion of the venous cannulae into the superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) and of the arterial cannula into the ascending aorta, which is cross-clamped immediately before the brachiocephalic trunk. [From Kirklin JK, Young JB, Mc-Giffin DC (2002c) The heart transplant operation. In Kirklin JK, Young JB, McGiffin DC (eds) Heart transplantation. Churchill Livingstone, New York, with permission]...

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