Bottom-Up Approach to Nanotechnology

These results demonstrate the potential application of hydrogen-bonded assemblies in the bottom up approach to nanotechnology, and together with recent synthetic... 

The possibility of a bottom-up approach to nanotechnology is no longer in question. Each month, many new advances in the development of nanoscale devices and phenomena constructed from fun-... 

The bottom-up approach to nanotechnology is relatively new. Until a few decades ago, in fact, nanotechnology was not considered an obtainable target by physicists [10]. The dominant idea, derived from quantum theory [11], was that atoms are fuzzy entities that must no longer be regarded as identifiable... 

Mate, C. M. 2008. Tribology on the Small Scale. A Bottom up Approach to Friction, Lubrication, and Wear (Mesoscopic Physics and Nanotechnology). Oxford, U.K. Oxford University Press. 

Nanomaterials can be manufactured by one of two groups of methods, one physical and one chemical. In top-down approaches, nanoscale materials are carved into shape by the use of physical nanotechnology methods such as lithography (Fig. 15.30). In bottom-up approaches, molecules are encouraged to assemble themselves into desired patterns chemically by making use of specific... 

Nanotechnology is the branch of engineering that deals with the manipulation of individual atoms, molecules, and systems smaller than 100 nanometers. Two different methods are envisioned for nanotechnology to buUd nanostructured systems, components, and materials. One method is the top-down approach and the other method is called the bottom-up approach. In the top-down approach the idea is to miniaturize the macroscopic structures, components, and systems toward a nanoscale of the same. In the bottom-up approach the atoms and molecules constituting the building blocks are the starting point to build the desired nanostmcture [96-98]. 

In the last 30 years, chemists have learnt to assemble molecules [18] and now, by exploiting the molecule-by-molecule bottom-up approach [39, 40], they have virtually unlimited possibilities to design and construct supramolecular species and enter the field of nanotechnology. 

---