Bosch-Meiser process

Cyclic carbonates can also be obtained in the reaction of diols and urea, an activated form of C02 (Scheme 6.10).79 The ammonia produced in the reaction can be recycled via the Bosch-Meiser process. 

Bosch-Meiser A process for making urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide under high temperature and pressure. Invented by C. Bosch and W. Meiser in 1920. 

Bosch-Meiser urea process. Industrial process for formation of urea by reaction of carbon dioxide with ammonia at elevated temperatures and pressures. 

In the beginning of the twentieth century, urea was produced on an industrial scale by hydration of cyanamide, which can be obtained from calcium cyanamide [13]. After the development of the Haber-Bosch process (see Section 3.2.2), the synthesis from ammonia and carbon dioxide became more attractive [13]. The industrial process based on these reactants has been developed in 1922 and is called Bosch-Meiser urea process after its discoverers [17], which represents the basis for all industrial scale processes nowadays [13]. 

Bosch, C. and Meiser, W. (1922) Process of manufacturing urea. US Patent 1,429,483, filed July 9,1920 and issued September 19, 1922. 

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