Bone, viii

Shear MJ, Kramer B, Resnikoff L (1929) Composition of bone. VIII. Conductivity titrations of calcium ion with chloride, acetate, lactate and citrate ions at 38°. J Biol Chem 83 729-735... 

Biological issues (i) Mg bioavailabihty, metabolism and physiology . (ii) Cell proliferation and differentiation , (iii) Animal husbandry. (iv) Magnesium in blood . (v) Genetic regulation , (vi) Mineral phase composition of bone and teeth . (vii) Brain and nervous system , (viii) Renal handling of magnesium . 

A comparison of the amino acid sequencing of the NH2-terminal regions of the core proteins of PG-II from bovine articular cartilage, sclera, skin, tendon, human skin and post-bum scars, fetal membrane, bone, and cartilage are shown in Table VIII. The A, -A9 amino acid sequences for bovine and human tissue are identical, and thereafter, the sequences within the... 

Chuah, M. K., Van Damme, A., Zwinnen, H., Goovaerts, I., Vanslembrouck, V., Collen, D. and Vandendriessche, T. (2000). Long-term persistence of human bone marrow stromal cells transduced with factor VUI-retroviral vectors and transient production of therapeutic levels of human factor VIII in nonmyeloablated immunodeficient mice. Hum. Gene Ther. 11, 729-738. 

In hemophilia A, the protein sequence of factor VIII is mutated so that it cannot be cleaved, resulting in a blocked intrinsic pathway. Therefore, tissue factor must be activated to stop bleeding (extrinsic pathway). Because the capillaries of joints and muscles are continually damaged by crushing when the surrounding bones and muscles move, they produce small amounts of RNA that activates the intrinsic path. Because there is no tissue factor at that site and the mutation of factor VIII in hemophilia A has blocked the intrinsic path, the affected subjects bleed into the joints. The pressure in the joint eventually stops the bleeding, and reticuloendothelial cells are recruited to remove the blood cells. The pain is relieved, but the joint structure is slowly destroyed and over time surviving individuals develop arthritis. 

Eitzpatrick LA. Phytoestrogens—mechanism of action and effect on bone markers and bone mineral density. Endocrinol Metab Qin North Am 2003 32 233-252, viii. 

Rapidly proliferating normal cells are more sensitive to cytotoxic drugs. Bone marrow suppression [ often determines the upper limit of tolerable chemotherapy. Table Vll-l-l lists mechanisms of action, selected clinical uses, and adverse effects of major anticancer drugs. Table VIII-l-2 shows the dose- j limiting and distinctive toxidties of anticancer drugs. j... 

The tetracyclines constitute a group of widely used broad-spectrum antibiotics with bacteriostatic properties. The majority of the side effects of these drugs are related to the skin, teeth and bones, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract (SED VII, p. 356 SED VIII, p. 570). 

Chloramphenicol produces two types of bone marrow damage (l)an immediate type of reaction which is dose-dependent and causes a reversible suppression of the formations of erythrocytes, thrombocytes and granulocytes, and (2) a delayed type of reaction which occurs less frequently, is unrelated to dosage, and has a high mortality (SED VIII, pp. 605-608). 

Some new cases of bone marrow depression, a well-known side effect (SED VIII), have been reported (9, 10 ). In 3 cases of acute agranulocytosis (2 secondary to methi-mazole and 1 secondary to propylthiouracil)... 

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