Bonding in the Solid State

The crown-ether adduct shown in Scheme 13 exhibits both inter- and intramolecular C—H O hydrogen bonding in the solid state (Figure 3)7 ... 

Scalar (J) interactions between nuclei are transmitted indirectly through the electrons of the bonds. In the solid state, the effects of J couplings are usually obscured by the dipolar, chemical shift, and quadrupolar contributions to the linewidth. Nevertheless, the measurement and utilization of J couplings are possible even if... 

The i>c=0 of the complexes of PA with lanthanides occurs at 1662 cm-1 and does not show a shift from the free ligand value in the solid state (59). The small shift in i>c=o 1S due to the fact that the C=0 group of the free ligand is involved in hydrogen bonding in the solid state. However, in acetonitrile solution, the hydrogen bonds break and the i>c==0 °f the pure ligand appears at 1690 1. This value indicates a shift of 30 cm-1 in the vc=o of the complexes. 

Figure 11. Hydrogen-bonded structure of Imi-2 (two imidazoles spaced by two ethylene oxide (EO) repeat units) (a) in the crystalline state, as revealed by an X-ray structure analysis,and (b) in the liquid state (schemati-cal), as suggested by an NMR study.Note that the hydrogen bonds in the solid state are long-lived, whereas the hydrogen bonding in the molten state is highly dynamic (see text).

Complexation of Blends with Controllable Hydrogen Bonding in the Solid State... 

The above concept of forming adhesive bonds in the solid state has been used to demonstrate the possibility of the parallel processing of a multi-chip module substrate, consisting of a multilayered polymer substrate with circuitry embedded on each polymer layer via lithographic processing [43], In this case, it is essential that the polymeric layer retains its dimensional stability so that registration and interconnections between the layers can be achieved using a Pb-Sn solder (see Fig. 28). A copolyester which appears to be ideally suited for this purpose is the 4/1 PHBA/BPT which melts at 320 °C in the randomized form... 

Thallium(I) nitride is a highly explosive black solid,1 but the yellow azide T1N3 is more stable the physical properties suggest that there is some covalent T1—N bonding in the solid state. The mechanism of the decomposition has been reviewed.287... 

The nature of the anion can play a part in determining the mode of bonding in the solid state. Thus the complex cation [Pd(CNS)(Et4dien)]+ has an N-bonded thiocyanate ligand in its most stable form when SCN- is the counterion,73 but when PF or BPhiT are the counterions the stable isomer in the solid state has S-bonded thiocyanate ligands.75,76... 

Mascal, M., Statistical analysis of C-H...N hydrogen bonds in the solid state there are real precedents. Chem. Commun. 1998, 303-304. 

---