Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, a rare disorder, is characterized by continuous development of multiple focal venous malformations of the skin, musculoskeletal tissue, and mucosa throughout the body, including the gastrointestinal tract. These venous malformations can be treated by sclerotherapy or surgery. In some cases of blue rubber bleb nevus, it has been shown that the mutation may occur on chromosome 9p. 

Effective intralesional laser therapy was reported by Derby and Low [39] in cases of facial venous malformations. Pulse dye laser operation has been found to be most successful in removing hundred of lesions in cases of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, without recurrence [40]. 

Pure venous malformations are rare and asymptomatic in children. Most of them are seen specifically in patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome which is a familial condition with multiple venous malformations of the skin, musculoskeletal system, and viscera. 

Gastrointestinal vascular anomalies are often associated with known syndromes such as Klippel-Trenaunay, Rendu-Osier-Weber, blue rubber bleb nevus, and Proteus syndromes. 

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