Blowing Agents and Environmental Issues

Dow and BASF have independently developed polystyrene foam formulations that do not contain HCFCs or HFC blowing agents [88,113-118], Since these foams do not contain captive gases that have desirable insulating properties, the use of infrared attenuators has been employed to improve the thermal conductivity of the foam products. 

Karpiuk, R. S. Dow Research Pioneers Recollections 1888-1949, Pendell Publishing Midland, MI, 1984. 

Kratzschmer, G. P. Plastic Trends. T44 Plastic Foams, 1977 Weiser, W. P. 77/ US Plastic Foam Markets, Part I - Industry Study, 1983, Predicasts Cleveland, OH. 

Industry Study 1131 Foamed Plastics, The Freedonia Group Cleveland, OH, 1999, Sections II, III, IV, VI, IX, and X. 

A STM D 883-80C, Definitions of Terms Relating to Plastics, American Society for Testing and Materials Philadelphia, PA, 1982. 

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