Blood safe handling

CAUTION The collection and handling of blood and other biological specimens requires great care because of the possible presence of transferable disease constituents, particularly from HIV or AIDS. Rubber gloves must be worn and often masks, as well. You will not draw blood or take other biological samples, nor handle samples from individuals. AH experiments are designed to use commercially available or synthetic materials that are safe (e.g., freeze-dried serum). Animal serum, such as horse serum or bovine serum, can be purchased fwww.sigma-aldrich.com). One experiment uses urine, and that can be either your own, from an animal, or synthetic. 

Sodium bicarbonate is considered safe when handled or ingested in reasonable amounts. As with any chemical, however, excessive amounts of the compound can have harmful effects. When ingested in large amounts, sodium bicarbonate can cause stomach cramps, gas, upset stomach, vomiting, frequent urination, loss of appetite, and blood in the urine and stools. 

Caffeine does appear to improve some of the detrimental effects of alcohol in some psychomotor tests, which is probably why there is a longstanding and time-hallowed belief in the value of strong black coffee to sober up those who have drunk too much. In addition, it is just possible that the time taken to drink the coffee gives the liver just a little more time to metabolise some of the alcohol. However, it seems that it is not effective in all aspects of alcohol impairment, particularly subjective effects. In addition, caffeine does not reduce blood-alcohol levels. Coffee and other sources of caffeine do not make it safe to drive or handle dangerous machinery, and it may even make drivers more accident-prone. 

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