Blood oxygenator effects

The primary function of the heart is to deliver a sufficient volume of blood (oxygen and nutrients, etc.) to the tissues so that they may carry out their functions effectively. As the metabolic activity of a tissue varies, so will its need for blood. An important factor involved in meeting this demand is cardiac output (CO) or the volume of blood pumped into the aorta per minute. Cardiac output is determined by heart rate multiplied by stroke volume ... 

R. G., Weatherley, B.C., White, R.D., WOOTTON, R. The effects in volunteers of BW12C, a compound designed to left-shift the blood-oxygen saturation curve. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1985, 19, 471-481. 

F. Girard, P. Poulet, I.J. Namer, J. Steibel, J. Chambron, Localized T-2 measurements using an osiris-CPMG method—application to measurements of blood oxygenation and transverse relaxation free of diffusion effect, NMR Biomed. 7 (1994) 343-348. 

In blood-containing vascular beds, the inactivation of nitric oxide by oxygen is of minor importance because of the rapid and irreversible reactions of nitric oxide with oxyhemoglobin in red blood cells. Any nitric oxide that diffuses into the vascular lumen will be quickly destroyed, making blood vessels effective sinks for nitric oxide. The half-life of nitric oxide is sufficiently long that nitric oxide diffusing into the vascular smooth muscle could also diffuse back out to the lumin to be inactivated by hemoglobin in red blood cells. 

The result was that albumin passivation came into vogue for sometime. In fact, artificial kidneys and blood oxygenators were often treated with albumin solutions prior to clinical use 118,119). There is considerable evidence that such pre-treatment did indeed result in decreased platelet adhesion and activation for short periods, perhaps up to several hours, but that the effect was relatively short-lived. 

Habler, O.P. Kleen, M.S. Hutter, J.W. Podtschaske, A.H. Tiede, M. Kemming, G.I. Welte, M.V. Corso, C.O. Batra, S. Keipert, P.E. Faithfull, N.S. Messmer, K.F.W. Hemodilution and intravenous perflubron emulsion as an alternative to blood transfusion effects on tissue oxygenation during profound hemodilution in anesthetized dogs. Transfusion 1998, 38, 145-155. 

Numerous and disparate studies have been published or presented in recent years regarding the effect of various normal and pathologic conditions on blood oxygen ... 

J. W. West, T. Kobayashi and F. S. Anderson, Effects of selective coronary embolization on coronary blood flow and coronary sinus venous blood oxygen saturation in dogs, Circ Res 10,722-738 (1962). 

---