Blood-brain barrier reversible disruption

Hynynen, K., et al. 2005. Local and reversible blood-brain barrier disruption by noninvasive focused ultrasound at frequencies suitable for trans-skull sonications. Neuroimage 24 12. 

Traumatic brain injury, simulated by a model of closed head injury to mice, had also been shown to result in disruption of the BBB. The temporal resolution of this disruption was monitored by MRI in rats subjected to closed head injury. Blood-brain barrier disruption appeared immediately after the impact, and declined gradually, until full reversal to control levels 30 min post-injury. Opening of the BBB was similarly demonstrated in response to acute anticholinesterase exposure, however, low-level exposure has not yet been tested. BBB disruption under anticholinesterase exposure was proven to be seizure-dependent, as it could be blocked by the use of anticonvulsant agents. The anticholinesterase effect on BBB ultrastructure did not impair endothelial tight junctions. Yet, an increased number of endothelial vesicles were observed, suggesting increased transcytosis as the mechanism involved. ... 

Oztas, B. and Kucuk, M., Intracarotid hypothermic saline infusion A new method for reversible blood-brain barrier disruption in anesthetized rats, Neurosci. Lett., 190(3), 203, 1995. 

Willis CL, Leach L, Clarke GJ et al (2004) Reversible disruption of tight junction complexes in the rat brain-blood barrier, following transitory focal astrocyte loss. GKa 48 1-13... 

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