Bladder-filled vias

Archeological evidence of psilocybin liquid via enemas dates back to A.D. 1 and some tribes still practice this method today. In ancient times, a hollow bone or tube was inserted deep into the rectum. Then an animal bladder filled with the psilocybin liquid was attached to the end of the tube. The liquid was then squirted deep into the rectum and lower intestine. Because so many natural barriers are bypassed by this method, the user is at great risk for overdose, serious side effects, or death. 

Pietra et al. (1990) studied the effects of some antidepressants on the volume-induced reflex contractions of the rat urinary bladder. The urinary bladder of anesthetized rats was filled via the recording catheter by incremental volumes of warmed saline until bladder contractions occurred as a result of central activity. Volume-induced contractions were then recorded and occurred rhythmically and reproducibly for 2-3 h. Drug activity was assessed in each animal against the background frequency of bladder contractions, for a 15-min time period following intravenous administration of different doses. 

The type of ureterovesical anastomosis chosen depends on the initial radiological images, the condition of the graft s ureter and intra-operative observations (quality of exposure, the healthy appearance of the bladder, compliance during filling via a catheter). 

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