Black color, singly

A singly black developing leuco dye was ultimately realized by the invention of 2 -anilino-6 -diethylamino-3 -methylfluoran (12).6 Fluoran 12 skillfully utilizes the steric hindrance of a methyl group at 3 -position to develop black color (see discussion below). Practically all black developing fluoran compounds marketed today are derivatives of 12, though each has an individual characteristic, especially for use in thermosensitive recording papers. 

The most remarkable feature of fluoran compounds is producing singly black color, which can hardly be attained by any other class of leuco dyes. 

Fig. 12.11 Two-mode oscillatory behavior in the single nephron model. Black colored regions correspond to a chaotic solution. The figure shows different regions in which 1 4, 1 5 and 1 6 synchronization occurs in the interaction between the fast myogenic oscillations...

Well-crystallized specimens were obtained for PrMnO, and TbMnOj. All crystals had black color and were obtained as a single phase. The measurement data of PrMnO, and TbMnOj are shown in Table 1. The conditions of systematic absences of X-ray peaks for each sample were k + I 2n for Okl, h 2n for hkG, h 2n forhOO, k 2n for OkO and / 2n for 00/. The possible space groups compatible with the above reflection conditions were centrosymmetric Pnma and acentrosymmetric Fn2,a. The orthorhombic space group Pnma was chosen for the initial refinement. 

December, the olive-sized (1/2 to 1 inch) fruits turn a dark purplish black color with a oily sheen and a strong odor. The odor has been compared to that of overripe cheese. Inside the juicy flesh is a single hard, white, oily seed. The dried "berry" should be in its whole form it will be shriveled, have a dark purplish black color, and retain its characteristic odor. In addition, good-quality berries should be free of any mold, dust, insect damage, and pathogenic bacteria. 

Fig. 8.2 Optical resolution limit difTraction pattern (Airy disc) and transmission function of a single point. Black colored regions denote maximum intensity. The abscissa is given in units of sin a with A the wavelength of the light, a the radius of the aperture...

The structure of a Hofmann type inclusion compounds is shown in scheme (C). The reaction of (HI) and (IV) with oxidants such as Fe + in water results in a color change from pale violet to black. When single crystals are used as starting materials, the resulting products, retain the original crystal shape (pseudomorphs), but they lose their single crystal nature and under SEM microscopic examination show small cracks and other defects. The proper formulation of the oxidation products would be [Ni(CN)2NH3] (polymer)(A)x y where polymer=polypyrrole, polyaniline ... 

Figure 3.1 shows the evolution of a few legal rules, starting from an initial state consisting of a single nonzero value at the center site. In each case, and all such one-dimensional space-time patterns appearing in this book, the time axis runs from top to bottom and sites with value ctj — 1 are colored black. 

Tissue samples obtained from the different colored regions of the larvae were separately analyzed by HPLC. The white, black, and yellow bands of Monarchs all contained a single, major carotenoid component, lutein (all / -3,3 - d i h yd roxy-13, e - ca ro t e n e), Figure 25.3a. The amount of lutein present in the black and white bands was markedly lower ( 15x) than that in the yellow bands, see below. A small quantity of 13-m-lulein and zeaxanthin were observed to elute immediately following lutein in the chromatogram and the lutein peak was preceded by a unique metabolite that is formed by the cleavage of lutein, see Section 25.4. 

The different colored bands within individual animals were found to contain significantly different amounts of lutein. Punches of the black, white, and yellow bands were analyzed from each of nine different animals. Because of the challenge in handling and analyzing the small punches of tissue, three to eight punches were collected, pooled, and analyzed as a single sample. This procedure... 

FIGURE 2-10 Tracking a gold particle attached to a single molecule of phosphatidyl ethanolamine. What appears to be simple Brownian diffusion at a time resolution of 33 ms per video frame (A) is revealed to actually consist of fast hop diffusion by recording 300 times faster (B) at 110 ps per video frame. In (A) each color represents 60 frames = 2 seconds. In (B) each color indicates an apparent period of confinement within a compartment and black indicates intercompartmental hops. The residency time for each compartment is indicated. The hypothetical explanations are illustrated in part (C) and discussed in the text. Adapted from [29]. 

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