Linked bithiophenes

Fig. 4 Resonant frequency changes with time due to repetitive FIA melamine injections, for the MIP-QCM chemosensor. Melamine concentration is indicated with number at each curve. Inset shows FIA calibration plots for (1) melamine and its interfering compounds, such as (2) ammeline, (3) cyanuric acid, and (4) cyromazine. Volume of the injected sample solution was 100 pL. The flow rate of the 1 mM FIC1 carrier solution was 35 pL min-1. The MIP film was prepared by electropolymerization of 0.3 mM bis(2,2 -bithienyl)-benzo-[18-crown-6]methane functional monomer and 0.3 mM 3,3 -bis[2,2 -bis(2,2 -bithiophene-5-yl)]thianaphthene cross-linking monomer, in the presence of 0.1 mM melamine, in the trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium tris(pentafluor-oethy 1)-trifluorophosphate ionic liquid ACN (1 1 v/v) solution, which was 0.9 mM in trifluoroacetic acid (pH = 3.0). The melamine template was extracted from the MIP film with 0.01 M NaOH before the determinations (adapted from [134])...

A number of dendrimers (395 100) of the first generation containing bithiophene or terthiophene units linked directly to silicon atoms have been reported (06MI3040 07OM5165 08OL2735). 

The majority of the synthetic studies towards the construction of novel photodiodes of fullerene-based double-cable polymers concern either electropolymerization of suitable aromatic monomeric units or copolymerization of two monomeric units, one carrying the fullerene moiety and one designed to improve solubility. Most of the electropolymerized conjugated polymeric materials bearing fullerenes that have been obtained consist of bithiophene units with low oxidation potential that favor electropolymerization [162-164]. On the other hand, the preparation of some photodiodes based on novel chemically synthesized double-cable polymers was recently reported and studied using their photophysical properties [165-170]. For example, the structures of some conju-gated-backbone hybrids covalently linked with organofullerene moieties are shown in Scheme 8. 

Copolymers resulting from the chemical polymerization of 3-hexylthiophene with 3-thiopheneelhylacetate (XVII) [51], bithiophene with a crown ether linked bithi-... 

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