Bismuth oxides, band structure

The mixed valency situation may be equally well described in terms of bands. The band to be considered in the case of bismuth is the Bi6s-02p band. The band in the case of copper is the Cu3d y2 -02p band. Both of these are d bands. For the lowest oxidation state (Cu1 or Bira), these bands are filled for the highest oxidation state (Cu111 or Biv), these bands are empty. According to simple band structure considerations, we would expect metallic properties for any partial filling of these o bands in bismuth and copper oxides. While metallic properties are indeed observed for most of the intermediate... 

Schematic band structures for the copper and bismuth oxides just discussed are given in Figure 1. The hypothetical half-filled band...

Bismuth Valerate, Basic. Enteric acid bismuth basic salt basic bismuth valerate bismuth oxide n-valerate bismuth valerate oxide bismuth valerianate bismuthyl valerate. C,H3BiOj mol wt 326.10. C 18.41%, H 2.78%, Bi 64.08%, O 14.72%. CH3(CH2)3COOBiO. Prepn Hagers Handb, Pharm. Praxis Band I, 687 (Berlin, 1930) Aurivil-lius, Acta Chem. Scand. 9, 1213 (1955). Crystal structure ... 

Application of Raman spectroscopy to a study of catalyst surfaces is increasing. Until recently, this technique had been limited to observing distortions in adsorbed organic molecules by the appearance of forbidden Raman bands and giant Raman effects of silver surfaces with chemisorbed species. However, the development of laser Raman instrumentation and modern computerization techniques for control and data reduction have expanded these applications to studies of acid sites and oxide structures. For example The oxidation-reduction cycle occurring in bismuth molybdate catalysts for oxidation of ammonia and propylene to acrylonitrile has been studied in situ by this technique. And new and valuable information on the interaction of oxides, such as tungsten oxide and cerium oxide, with the surface of an alumina support, has been obtained. 

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