Birds/bird species endocrine disruption

The effects of EDCs were first discovered in wildlife in the 1970s. It was found that extremely low concentration levels of these can have powerful deleterious effects on the reproduction of wildlife. Human effects were not studied until much later because most EDCs are neither mutagenic nor acutely toxic at the ambient concentrations found to have endocrine disruption effects on wildlife. It was also believed that effects on birds and turtles were not necessarily indicators of human toxicity. This, however, turned out to be exactly the case. Though toxic effects of chemicals are not always similar for different species of animals, they are just that for endocrine disruptors. The effects of EDCs on birds and amphibians are exactly analogous to those on humans. 

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