3,3 ,4,4 -Biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride

This one step method has been used for the syntheses of rodlike polyimides, for example with 3,3,4,4/-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and 2,2 -bisBrinuoromcthyll- T-diaminobiphcnyl (PFMB).109... 

There are only two inexpensive dianhydrides 3,3,4,4,-benzophcnonctctracarbox-ylic dianhydride (BTDA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). Some other commercially available dianhydrides were used, like 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), 2,2,-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA), oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), and 3,3/,4,4/-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA) (Fig. 5.29). Many other dianhydrides are reported in the literature (Fig. 5.30) ... 

Semicommercial production of 3,3,4,4,-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride [2420-87-3] in the United States has been announced by Occidental Chemical Corp. (74). This polyimide resin intermediate is prepared by dehalogenative dimerization of 4-chlorophthalate salts (75) or by oxidative coupling of phthalate esters (76). 

C22H10N2O4 polyimide based on 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and para-phenylene-diamine 210... 

FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy are used to monitor the imidisation of a polyamic acid made from 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA), and fluorescence spectroscopy is used to monitor the imidisation of a polyamic acid made from 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and p-phenylene diamine. A film of the polyamic acid made from BPDA and PDA is heated in a nitrogen atmosphere for one hour at 75 deg.C, and the thermal treatment is repeated at each of the temperatures from 100 to 400 deg.C in 25 deg.C increments between successive thermal treatments. After each treatment, the fluorescence and the excitation spectra of the film are taken at an excitation wavelength of 460 nm and a fluorescence wavelength of 550 nm, respectively. Extended abstract only. 

Intrinsically microporous Pis have been prepared from 2,2 -diamino-l,l -binaphthalene or 4,4 -(9-fluorenylidene)dianiline. As anhydrides pyromel-litic dianhydride, 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4 -oxydiphthalic anhydride, and 4,4 -(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride were used [81]. 

Bis (3-amino-4-hydroxy-phenyl)hexafluoropr-opane and 4,4 -oxydianiline were used for diamine and 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride was used as the dianhydride. The synthesis of poly (benzoxazole-co-imide) membranes is shown in Figure 15.8. 

Yang, C. P. et al. Chemical modification of 3,3, 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride polyimides by a catechol-derived bis(ether amine). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 84(2), 351-358... 

Kreuz JA, Hsiao BS, Renner CA, Goff DL. Crystalline Homopol3dmides and Copolyimides Derived from 3,3, 4,4 -Biphenyltetracarboxylic Dianhydride/1,3-Bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene/ l,12-Dodecanediamine. 1. Materials, Preparation, and Characterization. Macromolecules 1995 28 6926-6930. 

Second virial coefficient of poly(3,3%4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride-co-1,4-phenylenediamine)... 

Hayashi J, Yamamoto M, Kusakabe K, Moiooka S (1995) Simultaneous improvement of permeance and permselectivity of 3,3 4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride-4,4 -oxydianiline polyimide membrane by carbonization. Ind Eng Chem Res 34 (12) 4364-4370... 

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