Biotextiles as percutaneous heart valves

HEIM and B. DURAND, Universite de Haute-Alsace, France and N. CHAKF, Hdpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France [Pg.485]

Abstract This chapter discusses the potential of textiles used as heart valve leaflet replacement material. The chapter first reviews the anatomy of the aortic valve, before describing the diseases the valve may undergo and the limits of the noninvasive technologies available to replace the faulty valve. It then presents textile valve manufacture, and the performance that can be obtained in vitro in both the short and long term. Early animal in vivo results are presented in the last section. [Pg.485]

Key words textile valve prosthesis, percutaneous valve surgery, noninvasive valve replacement, trans-catheter heart valve, polyester fiber scaffold. [Pg.485]

If the commercially available valve prostheses have proven to be efficient, they all present some limits. Actually, the replacement of a diseased valve remains a huge challenge due mainly to the high stress undergone in the body. The development of the trans-catheter procedure generates even additional stress at implantation time. These issues need to be known and addressed in order to develop a new valve technology. [Pg.486]

The aortic valve system is composed of three leaflets and three aortic cavities called Valsalva sinuses. The leaflets are the mobile parts of the valve. The sinuses are cavities located behind the leaflets. They establish a junction between the aorta conduit and the left ventricle (see Fig. 16.1). Two sinuses include the entry of the left and right coronary arteries, and are therefore called coronary sinuses. The third sinus is the noncoronary sinus. [Pg.486]

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