Biospecific electrodes

In biospecific electrodes the eliminating enzymes are directly integrated in the sensor in membrane-immobilized form and separated from the indicator enzyme layer by a semipermeable membrane. The first enzymatic anti-interference layer was developed to enable the electrochemical determination of catecholamines in brain tissue at a graphite... 

Whereas in traditional enzymatic analysis spectrophotometric methods dominate, test strips and biospecific electrodes are at the leading edge in the analytical application of immobilized enzymes. This may be expected to continue at least until the mid-90s. 

The invasive application of biospecific electrodes for direct analysis of substances... 

Analysts have attempted to use immobilized enzymes for over 30 years. The original motivations were two-fold to conserve enzymes that were expensive and difficult to isolate, and to incorporate enzymes in reusable sensors, such as enzyme electrodes. During such researches, other advantages and applications of immobilized enzymes were found, and immobilization technologies were extended to other areas of biospecific analysis such as immunoassays (see below) and affinity chromatography. Immobilized enzymes have also been u.sed extensively in manufacturing processes and for therapeutic purposes. 

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