Fluorescence biosensors

Keywords Poly(arylene ethynylene) Chemosensor Biosensor Fluorescence ... 

Keywords Biomaterials surface functionalization, XPS, Tof-SIMS, photo-immobilization, glycoengineering, bacterial adhesion, endotracheal tubes, PS biosensors fluorescence immunoassays, AgN03, PVC, Pseudomonas aeruginosa... 

Average Biosensor, Fluorescence, and Micronuclei Frequency Response for Each Samples Group... 

Croup Type of Individual Biosensor Fluorescence Micronuclei Frequency ... 

Major Applications pH Sensors, optical chemical sensors, biochemical sensors, biosensors," fluorescent pH detector system, measuring fluorescence lifetime in cells, determining concentration of a laminar sample stream, fluorescent reporter beads for fluid analysis, measuring ch ical analytes, intracellular pH in human sperms, " multidrug resistance," recording intramitochon-drial pH, fluorescent probes ... 

The dye is excited by light suppHed through the optical fiber (see Fiber optics), and its fluorescence monitored, also via the optical fiber. Because molecular oxygen, O2, quenches the fluorescence of the dyes employed, the iatensity of the fluorescence is related to the concentration of O2 at the surface of the optical fiber. Any glucose present ia the test solution reduces the local O2 concentration because of the immobilized enzyme resulting ia an iacrease ia fluorescence iatensity. This biosensor has a detection limit for glucose of approximately 100 ]lM , response times are on the order of a miaute. 

Several other biosensors have been developed usiag this oxygen-quenched fluorescence approach. Target species iaclude ethanol [64-17-5] hydrogen peroxide [7722-84-17, H2O2, lactate, and xanthine [69-89-6] C H4N402, usiag alcohol oxidase, catalase [9001-05-2] lactate oxidase, and xanthine oxidase, respectively. An additional technique for biocatalytic biosensors iavolves the firefly chemiluminescent reaction (17) ... 

Later on, such S-layer-based sensing layers were also used in the development of optical biosensors (optodes), where the electrochemical transduction principle was replaced by an optical one [97] (Fig. 10c). In this approach an oxygen-sensitive fluorescent dye (ruthenium(II) complex) was immobilized on the S-layer in close proximity to the glucose oxidase-sensing layer [97]. The fluorescence of the Ru(II) complex is dynamically quenched by molecular oxygen. Thus, a decrease in the local oxygen pressure as a result of... 

Demchenko AP (2005) Optimization of fluorescence response in the design of molecular biosensors. Anal Biochem 343 1-22... 

Altschuh D, Oncul S, Demchenko AP (2006) Fluorescence sensing of intermolecular interactions and development of direct molecular biosensors. J Mol Recognit 19 459 477... 

VanEngelenburg SB, Palmer AE (2008) Fluorescent biosensors of protein function. Curr Opin Chem Biol 12 60-65... 

Haidekker MA, Theodorakis EA (2007) Molecular rotors-fluorescent biosensors for viscosity and flow. Org Biomol Chem 5(11) 1669-1678... 

The first FRET-based biosensors employing fluorescent proteins were developed over 10 years ago. These protease sensors consisted of a BFP donor fused to a GFP acceptor by a protease-sensitive linker [44, 119]. BFP and GFP have well separated emission spectra, resulting in little fluorescence bleed-through (Figs. 5.5A and 5.6A). This facilitates data analysis for FRET ratio imaging... 

Tanimura, A., Nezu, A., Morita, T., Turner, R. J. and Tojyo, Y. (2004). Fluorescent biosensor for quantitative real-time measurements of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in single living cells. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 38095-8. 

Allen, M. D. and Zhang, J. (2008). A tunable FRET circuit for engineering fluorescent biosensors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 47, 500-2. 

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