Biorefineries and Biomass Utilization

Gasification, which is discussed in more detail as a source of clean fuel from coal and biomass in Chapter 17, involves the reaction of hot carbon with steam 

An important consideration in biorefineries is the use of catalysts. Insofar as possible, biorefineries should use heterogeneous catalysts that do not get into the product and enzyme catalysts that operate at moderate temperatures. 

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