Bioinformatic techniques

Bioinformatic techniques for genomic, chemistry, and pharmacology research efforts. 

The computational approaches to predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences can be either empirical or knowledge-based. The former involves calculations of the energetically favorable structures by the use of the parameterized force fields (section 9.2) and the latter performs statistical analysis with references to the existing structures employing ranges of bioinformatic techniques (section 16.5). The comparative structural analysis leads to homologous models, which are then refined by energy minimization. 

However, there are a number of issues here. In the first place, stress itself is a somewhat nebulous concept, and there is continuing debate about how it should be defined. Second, even with the benefit of multivariate statistics and the techniques of bioinformatics, measuring stress from all sources in a meaningful way is dauntingly complex and may not be realizable in practice. 

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