Biogeochemical cycles, interrelations

Solubilization, uptake, and precipitation of Ca and Si are directly (or at least energetically) linked to the photosynthetic and respiratory cycling of C, H, and O. Acids from nitrification and sulfur oxidation aid phosphorus mobilization photosynthesis or respiration is required for the uptake and conversion of phosphorous into high-energy phosphate. Sulfur is oxidized (with the concomitant reduction of nitrate) by Thiobacillus denitrificans, likewise, some extremely thermophilic methanogens can transfer hydrogen not only to CO2, but also to S. These are a few examples of interrelations involved in biogeochemical cycles. 

Biogeochemical cycles had their origins in early life evolution and undoubtedly were interrelated to the stages in this evolution. This is schematically shown in Figure 27. 

Volume 39 Molybdenum and Tungsten. Their Roles in Biological Processes Volume 40 The Lanthanides and Their Interrelations with Biosystems Volume 41 Metal Ions and Their Complexes in Medication Volume 42 Metal Complexes in Tumor Diagnosis and as Anticancer Agents Volume 43 Biogeochemical Cycles of Elements Volume 44 Biogeochemistry, Availability, and Transport of Metals in the Environment... 

System 13. soil-plant cycle soil-forming geological rocks (I) soil (IV) soil living matter (community of soil organisms) (V, VI, VII) aerosols, atmosphere air (12a, III) plants (VIII) their biological reactions, endemic diseases (VIII). In the complex system 13, the inner relationships and biochemical and biogeochemical mechanisms are shown for natural and agroecosystems. The system 11 and link IX show the ways for interrelation of system 13 with terrestrial animals. 

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