Bioceramics biomimetic ceramics

An additional parameter that should be considered in evaluating chemical stability and surface activity of bioceramics is the simulated in vivo environment. Factors such as the type and concentration of electrolytes in solution and the presence of proteins or cells may influence in vitro immersion results. For example, in a study on glass-ceramic A-W that can be generalized to other bioceramics, a solution with constituents, concentrations, and pH equivalent to human plasma most accurately reproduces in vivo surface structural changes, whereas more standard buffers do not reproduce these changes (Kokubo et al., 1990b). Such control of the ionic environment also forms the basis for biomimetic approaches discussed in the last section of this chapter. 

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