Bioarrays

The UMEs used in bioarrays can be divided into three types disk, ring, and strip electrodes. The theory of the disk, ring, and strip UMEs has been extensively studied [97-100], Due to the edge effect, the profile of the mass diffusion to the ultramicroelectrode surface is three dimensional, and can significantly enhance the mass transportation in comparison to the conventional large electrode with one-dimensional mass transportation. The steady-state measurement at a planar UME can be expressed as... 

Figure 11.28 (see Plate 11 for color version) shows a silicon wafer-based x-y addressable bioarray that was made in the author s lab. 

Gillmor SD, Larson BJ, Braun JM, Mason CE, Cruz-Barba LE, Denes F, La-gally MG (2002) Low-contact-angle polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) membranes for fabricating micro-bioarrays. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual IEEE-EMBS Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology, Madison WI, USA, p 51... 

Appasani K. Bioarrays from Basics to Diagnostics, Humana Press,Totowa, NJ, 2007. 

Development and application of nanobiotechnology and biomedical instrumentation, e.g., of biosensors and bioarrays for detection of biological events and their conversion to electrical... 

P. Chomczynski and N. Sacchi, Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidin-ium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 162(1) 156-159 (1987). M. Reich, K. Ohm, M. Angelo, P. Tamayo, and J. P. Mesirov, GeneCluster 2.0 an advanced toolset for bioarray analysis. Bioinformatics 20(11) 1797-1798 (2004). 

BioArray Solutions BeadChip Human erythrocyte antigen genotyping Ashkenazi genetic disease genotyping... 

Enzo BioArray Terminal Labeling Kit (Enzo Biochem, Inc. New York, NY) 5x reaction buffer, lOx C0CI2, biotin-ddUTP, and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase. 

Labeled Extract Preparation and Microarray Hybridization BioArray Highyield RNA Transcript Labeling System (Enzo)... 

BioArray high-yield RNA transcript labeling kit (Enzo Diagnostics 42655-10). 

Labeled Extract Synthesis BioArray High-Yield RNA Transcript Labeling System (for 2pg or Total RNA and Above)... 

The BioArray Highyield RNA transcript labeling system can be subdivided into discrete steps (see Fig. 1)... 

Fig. 1. (A) Agarose gel electrophoresis of total RNA (500ng/lane) extracted from five different regions (1-5) of the neural tube of E9.5 CDl mouse embryos using the Trizol protocol detailed in section 3.2. The arrows point to the characteristic 28s and 18s rRNA bands. For intact total RNA, the 28s band should be approximately double the intensity of the 18s band (see Notes 1-11). (B) Agarose gel electrophoresis of the biotin labeled extracts generated by the Enzo BioArray Highyield RNA Transcript Labelling System from 2pg of starting...

The protocol described here is an adaptation from that supplied with the BioArray high-yield RNA transcript labeling kit (see Note 27). Thaw the high-yield lOx reaction buffer and DTT at 37°C and keep at room temperature prior to use. Thaw all other reagents at room temperature and place the enzymes on ice. It is essential that samples and reactions constituting the same microarray study be derived from the same master mix. 

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