Bioaffinity Screening

This work is an extension of previously described studies performed by Nedved, Dollinger, and co-workers (Nedved et al., 1996 Kaur et al., 1997), where ligands are injected onto chromatography columns that contain target proteins to observe various degrees of selection. Compounds that bind to the proteins are selectively bound to the column and are eluted for identification. Other studies have reported on the successful use of ultrafiltration membranes to selectively retain compounds that are bound to target proteins (van Breeman et al., 1997 1998). Unbound molecules pass through the membrane and the bound molecules are released and identified. 

In this study, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 

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Screening Bioaffinity screening Combinatorial libraries Davis et al., 1999 Blom et al., 1998 Lane and Pipe, 1999... 

Figure 6.10 Procedure for bioaffinity screening of combinatorial drug candidates libraries with two cycles of iterative size exclusion chromatography, using spin columns to separate the receptor and receptor-binder complexes from unbound ligands. (Reprinted with permission from Davis et al., 1999. Copyright 1999 American Chemical Society.)...

An interesting but underutilized approach to screening combinatorial libraries combines bioaffinity-based isolation and mass spectrometric identification. This approach requires the characterization of a drug to a macromolecular receptor such as an enzyme. This immobilized receptor can be conveniently packed into a chromatographic column [41], although configurations that do not use a column have also been reported [42]. An example of the latter, pulsed ultra-filtmtion (PUF) has been reported [43] and is illustrated in Fig. 12. 

Electrochemical genosensors for the detection of bacteria were introduced about a decade ago. Miniaturization and advanced microfabrication technology have made it compatible with bacteria DNA diagnostic. This technology is cost effective, fast, and accurate. The bioaffinity and biocatalysis reactions generate either amper-ometric, voltametric, impedimetric, or conductimetric signals on screen-printed transducer chips (SPC), which is proportional to the number of immobilized DNA copies on the SPC surface. 

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