Bio-SPICE

Bio-Spice, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). URL https //community.biospice.org/. Open source framework and software toolset for systems biology. 

Biological Simulation Program for Intra- and Intercellular Evaluation (Bio-SPICE) ... 

Bio-SPICE is an open source framework and software toolset for systems biology. 

ZO095 Okuyama, T., M. Matsuda, Y. Masuda, et al. Studies on cancer bio-chemo-prevention of natural resources. X. Inhibitory effect of spices on TPA-en-hanced H-choline incorporation in phospholipid of C3H10T1/2 cells and on TPA induced ear edema. Zhonghua Yaoxue Zazhi 1995 47(5) 421-430. 

Daood, H.G, Tomoskozi-Farkas, R. and Kapitany, J. (2006) Antioxidant content of bio and conventional spice red pepper (Capsicum annuum L) as determined by HPLC. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 54(2), 133-140. 

Nakatani, N. (2000) Phenolic antioxidants from herbs and spices. Proceedings 2nd International Conference on Food Factors (ICoFF 99), 1 2-1 7 December 1 999, Kyoto, Japan. Bio Factors 2000, 1 3(1 -4), 141-146. 

Among the worldwide total of 30000 known natural products, about 80% stems from plant resources. The number of known chemical structures of plant secondary metabolites is four times the number of known microbial secondary metabolites. Plant secondary metabolites are widely used as valuable medicines (such as paclitaxel, vinblastine, camptothecin, ginsenosides, and artemisinin), food additives, flavors, spices (such as rose oil, vanillin), pigments (such as Sin red and anthocyanins), cosmetics (such as aloe polysaccharides), and bio-pesticides (such as pyrethrins). Currently, a quarter of all prescribed pharmaceuticals compounds in industrialized countries are directly or indirectly derived from plants, or via semi-synthesis. Furthermore, 11% of the 252 drugs considered as basic and essential by the WHO are exclusively derived from plants. According to their biosynthetic pathways, secondary metabolites are usually classified into three large molecule families phenolics, terpenes, and steroids. Some known plant-derived pharmaceuticals are shown in Table 6.1. 

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