Bio-Inspired Systems

Other approaches that are currently being pursued, involve in vitro arrangements of immobilized biological components that separate O2 evolution from H2 production,264 combinations of biological and chemical components,36,57 209 and completely artificial systems.83,89 90 117 163 219 262 All these systems require the following components in common  

---

Lewerenz HJ, Heine C, Skorupska K, et al. Photoelectrocatalysis principles, nanoemitter applications and routes to bio-inspired systems. Energy Environ Sci. 2010 3 748-60. 

Biosignals—International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing. 

P. Carvalho, Robust characteristic points for ICG Definition and comparative analysis, Biosignals—International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, 2011. 

R. Sarpeshkar, Ultra Low Power Bioelectronics Fundamentals, Biomedical Applications, and Bio-Inspired Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010. 

In particular for the case of water oxidation, lessons learned from natural and bio-inspired systems allow us to establish a set of guidelines for the design of efficient catalysts (i) the catalyst must be able to bind to the substrate, water, in order to facilitate de removal of protons, (ii) it must be capable of undergoing multiple oxidation steps (Sq S4) within a narrow potential range, (iii) it must be stable in at least four of those oxidation states, and finally, (iv) must be able to promote the formation of an 0-0 bond. 

Ultra Low-Power Biomedical and Bio-Inspired Systems Rahul Sarpeshkar... 

Gutierrez, J.M., Leija, L., Munoz, R., 2012. Bio-inspired systems patents electronic tongues. Recent Pat. Signal Process. 2, 108-114. 

---