Fluid binary mixtures

Hicks, C. P. Bibliography of Thermodynaunic Quantities for Binary Fluid Mixtures, "Chemical Thermodynamics", Vol. 2, Chap. 9, edited by M. L. McGlashan, Chemical Society, London, 1978. 

Scott R L 1978 Critical exponents for binary fluid mixtures Specialist Periodical Reports, Chem. Thermodynam. 2 238-74... 

A. Malevanets and J. M. Yeomans, A particle-based algorithm for the hydrodynamics of binary fluid mixtures, Comput. Phys. Commun. 129, 282 (2000). 

Wilding, N. B., Critical end point behavior in a binary fluid mixture, Phys. Rev. E 1997,... 

Hicks, C. P., Ed., Chapter 9 "A Bibliography of Thermodynamic Quantities for Binary Fluid Mixtures in Specialist Periodical Report. Chemical Thermodynamics" ... 

The grand canonical ensemble is appropriate for adsorption systems, in which the adsorbed phase is in equilibrium with the gas at some specified temperature. The use of a computer simulation allows us to calculate average macroscopic properties directly without having to explicitly calculate the partition function. The grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method as applied in this work has been described in detail earlier (55). The aspects involving binary fluid mixtures have been described previously in our Xe-Ar work (30). 

First we treat diffusion processes within the homogeneous phase. The presence of a temperature gradient in binary fluid mixtures and polymer blends requires an extension of Fick s diffusion laws, since the mass is not only driven by a concentration but also by a temperature gradient [76] ... 

Throop, G. J., and R. J. Bearman Radial Distribution Functions for Binary Fluid Mixtures of Lennard-Jones Molecules Calculated from the Percus-Yevick Equation. J. Chem. Phys. 44, 1423—1444 (1966). 

For a pure supercritical fluid, the relationships between pressure, temperature and density are easily estimated (except very near the critical point) with reasonable precision from equations of state and conform quite closely to that given in Figure 1. The phase behavior of binary fluid systems is highly varied and much more complex than in single-component systems and has been well-described for selected binary systems (see, for example, reference 13 and references therein). A detailed discussion of the different types of binary fluid mixtures and the phase behavior of these systems can be found elsewhere (X2). Cubic ecjuations of state have been used successfully to describe the properties and phase behavior of multicomponent systems, particularly fot hydrocarbon mixtures (14.) The use of conventional ecjuations of state to describe properties of surfactant-supercritical fluid mixtures is not appropriate since they do not account for the formation of aggregates (the micellar pseudophase) or their solubilization in a supercritical fluid phase. A complete thermodynamic description of micelle and microemulsion formation in liquids remains a challenging problem, and no attempts have been made to extend these models to supercritical fluid phases. 

Adsorption from binary fluid mixtures. Theory 2.28... 

A solution is t3q>lcally a system of more than one component. In actual cases, there are at least two substances that can adsorb. For a binary fluid mixture, including dilute solutions, adsorption of one type of molecule (say A) involves replacement of the other (B). Thus, adsorption from solution is essentially an exchange process. If one molecule of A replaces r molecules of B at the Interface, the adsorption equilibrium can be written as... 

Another group of theoretical approaches is based on a comparison with the adsorption of gas mixtures. In principle, one may consider adsorption from a binary fluid mixture as an extrapolation of the adsorption from a binary gas mixture to saturation of the two components. This extrapolation covers the least accessible part of the Isotherms, because non-ideality in adsorbate and adsorptive and adsorbate-bulk phase interaction have to be accounted for. General rules are not readily derived, other than those that are so formal as to be of little use in practice. For more simple systems useful limiting laws can be derived. We refer to the literature l. It may be noted that Myers and Sircar developed a consistency test by establishing a relation between surface pressures for the two gases and for the fluid mixture. For some binary mixtures of benzene, cyclohexane, n-heptane and 1,2 dlchloroethane on silica gel they found this relation to apply. 

Figure 9-1 Schematic phase diagram of a binary fluid mixture of small molecules. The two-phase region lies under the binodal line, the apex of which defines the critical temperature Tc and critical composition Between the binodal and the spinodal lines, phase separation is by nucleation and growth (NG), while under the spinodal line it is by spinodal decomposition (SD). Within the region of spinodal decomposition, near the compositional symmetry line, there is a region where the morphology is initially bicontinu-ous. Outside of this region, one of the phases is a discontinuous droplet phase. Eventually,...

Conversely, the correct approach to formulate the diffusion of a single component in a zeolite membrane is to use the MaxweU-Stefan (M-S) framework for diffusion in a nonideal binary fluid mixture made up of species 1 and 2 where 1 and 2 stands for the gas and the zeohtic material, respectively. In the M-S theory it is recognized that to effect relative motions between the species 1 and 2 in a fluid mixture, a force must be exerted on each species. This driving force is the chemical potential gradient, determined at constant temperature and pressure conditions [68]. The M-S diffiisivity depends on coverage and fugacity, and, therefore, is referred to as the corrected diffiisivity because the coefficient is corrected by a thermodynamic correction factor, which can be determined from the sorption isotherm. 

Por a binary fluid mixture, the force balance on component 1 expresses the equality between the gradient of its chemical potential and the drag force, so MaxweU-Stefan diffusion is given by [38]... 

The combined volumetric species mass transfer rate across a hypothetical fluid film Rnf. represents the species mass transfer from a solid surface of area Ai and mass fraction uik,s)Aj to an adjacent moving fluid stream with mass fraction uik,s)vk- For a binary fluid mixture the combined volumetric species mass transport rate is approximated by ... 

Considering a binary fluid mixture at a catalytic solid surface the species mass transport is approximated by the transfer flux across a h3rpothetical fluid film ... 

Hadjiagapiou, I. and Evans, R. (1985). Adsorption from a binary fluid mixture. The composite wetting film at the sofid-vapor interfrce. Mol. Phys., 54, 383—406. 

To gain an understanding of the experimental findings, we adopt a lattice model of a binary fluid mixture similar to the one introduced in Section 4.6.1. As in Section 4.6.1, we consider a simple cubic lattice with lattice constant . However, unlike in Section 4.6.1, we now assume molecules to occupy the cubic cells of volume f formed by the surrounding lattice. sites rather than occupying the sites themselves. This approach allows us to account for the different sizes of water and iBA molecules (see below). 

This implies that in parallel laboratory experiments the exchange of matter between the confined fluid and a bulk reservoir is insignificant or that a bulk phase in the sense of the SFA experiment (see Section 5.3.1) riiiiy not even be present at all. Such a situation is realized, for example, in the SANS experiments described in Section 4.8.1 where a binary fluid mixture is confined to a nanoporous medium (i.e., pellets) without being in contact with a bulk reservoir. 

Imre, A., and Kraska, T. (2005) Stability limits in binary fluid mixtures,... 

Hildebrand also relied on van Laar s expressions using the equations derived by van der Waals in 1890 for the a and b constants in the van der Waals equation of state for binary fluid mixtures, when the interactions of three kinds of molecular pairs, 1-1, 2-2 and 1-2 are present ... 

Kiran, E., W. Zhuang, and Y. L. Sen. 1991. Solubility and demixing of polyethylene in supercritical binary fluid mixtures carbon dioxide-cyclohexane, carbon dioxide-toluene, carbon dioxide-pentane. Paper presented at the AIChE meeting. Los Angeles. November. 

K. Bier and J. Schmidt, Bubble Formation with Pool Boiling of Pure Fluids and Binary Fluid Mixtures, in Proc. 2nd European Thermal Sciences and 14th UIT National Heat Transfer Conf, Rome, 1996, C. P. Celata, P. D. Marco, and A. Mariani eds., Edizioni ETS, Pisa, Italy, pp. 1661-1675,1996. 

Scott, R. L. Critical Exponents for Binary Fluid Mixtures, Special Report... 

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