Bile salt efflux protein

Liver injury is clinically defined as an increase of serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) levels of more than three times the upper limit of normal and a total bilirubin level of more than twice the upper limit of normal [4]. The clinical patterns of liver injury can be characterized as hepatocellular (with a predominant initial elevation of ALT), cholestatic (with an initial elevation of alkaline phosphatase) or mixed. The mechanisms of drug-induced hepatotoxicity include excessive generation of reactive metabolites, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inhibition of bile salt efflux protein [5]. Better understandings of these mechanisms in the past decades led to the development of assays and models suitable for studying such toxic mechanisms and for selecting better leads in the drug discovery stage. 

Inhibition of Bile Salt Efflux Protein and Drug-Induced Cholestasis... 

---