Beta spiral

Papanikolopoulou, K., Teixeira, S., Belrhali, H., Forsyth, V. T., Mitraki, A., and van Raaij, M.J. (2004b). Adenovirus fibre shaft sequences fold into the native triple beta-spiral fold when N-terminally fused to the bacteriophage T4 fibritin foldon trimerisation motif. / Mol. Biol. 342, 219-227. 

Beta propeller 67,560, 764 Beta ribbons 241 Beta sheet 64 Beta spiral 74 Bicarbonate ion... 

Chang, D. K., Venkatachalam, C. M., Prasad, K. U., Urry, D. W. (1989). Nuclear overhauser effect and computational characterization of the beta-spiral of the polypentapeptide of elastin. Journal of Biomolecular Structure Dynamics, 6, 851-858. 

The secondary stmcture of the plasminogen molecule, as determined by circular dichroism spectra, is 80% random coil, 20% beta-stmcture, and 0% alpha-helix. Electron microscopy has demonstrated the tertiary stmcture of plasminogen to be a 22- to 24-nm long spiral filament with a diameter of 2.2 to 2.4 nm. 

Beta Blockers. Most often used to treat hypertension, beta blockers also alleviate many of the readily visible physical (i.e., autonomic) symptoms of anxiety. Namely, these medications decrease the sweating, palpitations, racing pulse, dry mouth, and tremulousness that can accompany anxiety. Although beta blockers do not remedy the emotional aspects of anxiety, they can circumvent the spiraling anxiety of patients with social phobia who during performance situations become self-conscious of their readily evident physical symptoms. 

Figure 4.13 Anatomy of selected proteins. (A) The /3 subunit of hemoglobin carrying a heme molecule (B) triose isomerase and (C) /3-lactoglobulin carrying a molecule of vitamin A. Spirals represent helix segments, and the broad arrows are pleated sheet polypeptide segments showing the direction from the N to the C terminus. (A and B reproduced with permission from Richardson JS. The anatomy and taxonomy of protein structure. Adv Prot Chem 34 168-339, 1981. C reproduced with permission from Papiz MZ, Sawyer L, Eliopoulos EE, North ACT, Findlay JBC, Sivaprasadarao R, Jones TA, Newcomer ME, Kraulis PJ. The structure of beta-lactoglobulin and its similarity to plasma retinol-binding protein. Nature 324 383-385, 1986.)...

Harris JM (1973) The use of beta rays to examine wood density of tropical pines in Malaysia. In Burley J and Nikles DG (eds). Selection and tree breeding to improve some tropical conifers. Commonwealth Forestry Institute, Oxford, Vol. 2 86-94 Harris JM (1989) Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin... 

Fatty acids have a basic structure, R-COOH, and the important fatty acids have long chains with an even number of carbon atoms (C12-C20), which may be described as saturated (e.g., stearic acid, C18 l), monounsaturated (e.g., oleic acid, C18 2), and polysaturated (e.g., linoleic, C18 2, and linolenic, C18 3, acids). These long chain fatty acids are used to provide energy by beta-oxidation, which shortens the fatty acid by two carbon atoms with the production of acetyl CoA (known as the fatty acid spiral). 

Parts of the protein form specific three-dimensional structures, for example alpha-helices (spiral like structures) and beta-sheets (plate like structures), which are called the secondary structure. The secondary structure is mainly stabilised by hydrogen bonds. 

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