Berger mixture

Berger Mixture-zinc, carbon tetrachloride, zinc oxide kieselguhr... 

Berger Mixtures are smoke-producing compns, introduced by the French, consisting of finely divided Zn in CC14 mixed with other ingredients. 

Another mixt which contained neither Zn nor CClfl was also called Berger Mixture. Its compn was pitch 29.2, saltpeter 47.4, borax 10.6, Ca carbonate 4.9, sand 4.0 sulfur 3.9%. It was cheaper but less effective than the above American Mixture... 

The American impro emeut uu the original Berger Mixture was worked out in 1917 by the U. R. Biireati of Minos, and was therefore known as B.M. Mixture." It had the following composition ... 

Zinc dust 35.4%, CCU 41.6%, sodium chlorate 9.3%, NH4CI 5.4%, MgCOs 8.3%. American Bureau of Mines improvement on Berger Mixture. Very effective smoke, various starter mixtures, some including sulphur, were also used with this mixture. 

BM (Berger Mixture) 35.4% zinc, 41.6% carbon tetrachloride, 9.3% sodium chlorate, 5.4% ammonium chloride, 8.3% magnesium carbonate... 

The German Army would have been happy to have had the same plentiful supply of WP as the American Army, but Germany lacked the raw materials for producing phosphorus, and its army had to depend on inferior Berger mixture or on sulphur trioxide. ... 

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