Benzylamines, reaction with

Other secondary amines such as pyrrolidine, di- -butylamine, tetrahydro-quinoline, n-benzylamine, and piperidine were also found to be capable of effecting this reduction. Interestingly, morpholine does not reduce enamines as readily (47) and its acid-catalyzed reaction with norbornanone was reported (45) to give only the corresponding enamine (93), although trace amounts of the reduction product were detected when cyclohexanone was treated with morpholine under these conditions (47a). The yield of morpholine reduction product was increased by using higher temperatures. 

Finally, with compounds of type 7, which have one chlorine atom and two ZR substituents, the reactions are, as expected, more frequently acid catalyzed than with compounds of type 6 e.g., the reaction with aniline in acetone is distinctly acid catalyzed. Again, reactions stiU occur, e.g., with benzylamine in tetrahydrofuran, in which autocatalysis is absent, possibly because of a combination of the marked basicity of the reagent and the low solubility of the acidic product. 

A -methyl-5//,7//-dibenzo[d,.g][l,5]telluroazocine 65, its thiooxide 67a (X=S, R= Me) (95JA6388). The same type of reaction with benzylamine and sodium selenide gives A-benzyl-5//,7//-dibenzo[d,g][l,5]telluroazocine selenoxide 67b (X = Se, R = CH2Ph). Reaction of the tellurium dibromide 66 with sodium sulfide carried out in the absence of the primary amines affords the eight-member Te,S-containing heterocycle 5//,7//-dibenzo[d,g][l,5]telluroazocine (92CL151). 

The ureas, e.g. 28 (R = NMe2), derived from the corresponding 2-(l-arylviny )benzylamines by reaction with (dimethylamino)carbamoyl chloride (Me2NCOCl) in the presence of triethyl-amine, undergo cyclization in refluxing phosphoryl chloride to the 5-aryl-3-(dimethylamino)-l//-2-benzazepin-3-amines. e.g. 29a.84 Prepared similarly are the 3-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl) compound 29b and the 3-methyl derivative 29c from the corresponding urea and amide, respectively. 

Addition of amines to a,/J-unsaturated sulfones has been used in synthesis of key intermediates of biotin. In this reaction, benzylamine serves first as a base in the reaction with 60 to afford thiophene 1,1-dioxide (61) and also as a nucleophile to introduce two amino groups (equation 57)49. 

The much more reactive 2,3-dihydro-l,4-phthalazine 248, on reaction with five equivalents of benzylamine, HMDS 2, and (NH4)2S04 for 24 h at 160°C, furnishes the bis-aminated product 249 in 87% yield [27] (Scheme 4.26). 

In 1997, Moberg et al. showed that chiral bis(ethylsulfonamides)amines, obtained from V-triflyl-2-alkylaziridines via reaction with benzylamine,... 

Rearangement of furoxans leads to the formation of new heterocyclic systems derivatives of triazoles, diazoles, isoxazoles, and pyrimidinones. For example, on the basis of the experimental results using labeled compound 52-15N , the formation of 8-phenyltheophylline 53, the 1,3-dimethylalloxazines (54 n = 0, 1), and l,3,7,9-tetramethyl-l//,9//-pyrimido[5,4-g]-pteridine-2,4,6,8-tetraone 55 in the thermal reaction of the iV-oxide 52 with benzylamine, aniline, or piperidine and the generation of NO or NO-related species in the reaction with iV-acetylcysteamine were reasonably explained by... 

In Scheme 7, ring-opening reactions of some fused pyrazoles are shown. Thus, Baraldi et al. <1999S453> described that the pyrazolo[l,5-<7][l,2,4]triazine-dione derivative 72 is sensitive toward nucleophiles its reaction with benzylamine at room temperature gives rise to the acyl semicarbazide 73 in high yield (78%). 

The derivative 90 was obtained by condensation of the purpurin-18-A-hexylimide-17-propionic acid with aminolactose heptaacetate in the presence of benzotriazol-l-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) followed by the deacetylation procedure. The lactose-photosensitiser conjugate linked by an ethylene moiety was also prepared by following a similar approach. The purpurin-18-methyl ester 81 was converted into /V-(3-iodobenzyl)/ /evo-purpurin-18-7V-hexylimide-17-propionic ester by hydrogenation over Pd/C followed by reaction with 3-iodo-benzylamine. Afterwards, the propargyllactose heptaacetate reacted with A-(3-iodobenzyl)rMeio-purpurin-18-A-hexylimide-l 7-propionic ester in the presence of tris(dibenzylidieneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd2-dba3) which, after deacetylation conditions, afforded the derivative 89 (Fig. 9).68... 

Having explored the scope of this reaction, it was then possible to use an optically active phosphoramidate (232.d), derived from (5)-a-methyl-benzylamine, to perform a kinetic resolution procedure.134,138 Upon reaction of 221 with 0.5 equiv of the phosphoramidate anion 232.d, selective reaction with the 7 -isomer of 221 resulted in an enhancement in the proportion of 5-221 along with the expected ketenimine products (233). The absolute configuration of i -233.d was determined by X-ray crystallography, and thus all other absolute configurations assigned by comparison of CD and HPLC data.39,138... 

A kinetic smdy has been reported of substituent effects on the reactions of 2-phenoxy- and 2-(4-nitrophenoxy)-3-nitro-5-X-thiophenes with benzylamine and with A-methylbenzylamine in benzene as solvent. The intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded intermediate (14) is postulated. Reactions of the 5-unsubstimted thiophenes (X = H) are not base-catalysed, indicating that nucleophilic attack is rate limiting, and the more basic secondary amine shows higher reactivity than the primary... 

Kinetic studies of hexacyanoferrate(III) oxidations have included the much-studied reaction with iodide and oxidation of the TICI2 anion, of hydrazine and hydrazinium, and of phenylhydrazine and 4-bromophenylhydrazine. These last reactions proceed by outer-sphere mechanisms, and conform to Marcus s theory. Catalyzed [Fe(CN)g] oxidations have included chlororuthenium-catalyzed oxidation of cyclohexanol, ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation of 2-aminoethanol and of 3-aminopropanol, ruthenium(VI)-catalyzed oxidation of lactate, tartrate, and glycolate, and osmium(VIII)-catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol and benzylamine. ... 

The A-acetyl derivatives of the 2-alkylthio-l,3-thiadiazol-4-imines (124, R = SR, R = Ac) undergo nucleophilic displacement reaction with amines (benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, morpholine, or aniline) giving the 2-amino derivatives (124, R = NRj, R = Ac). The salt (126, R = R = Ph, R = R = H, X = Cl) reacts with aniline at room temperature giving 4-anilino-2-phenyl-l,3-thiazole (128), presumably by a mechanism involving cleavage of the heterocyclic ring. ... 

Imines are particularly useful reagents when hindered electrophiles are considered. In this context, A-(oc-methylbenzylidene)benzylamines have been described as alternatives to acetophenones. " Similarly A-methylbenzophenonimine serves as an alternative to benzophenone ° itself in reactions with 2-phenyl-5(477)-oxazolone 146 to prepare 2-phenyl-4-(a-phenylethylidene)- and 4-(diphenylmethyl-ene)-2-phenyl-5(4//)-oxazolone, respectively. 

These methods are limited in scope. Direct thiation has been reported for the transformation of vicinal diketones to [3,4]-annelated thiophenes <1996CHEC-II(7)49>. Thionations and selenations of vicinal halomethyl ketones with thioacetamide or iV,iV-diethylselenopropionamide as sulfur and selenium donors, respectively, have also been reported <1996CHEC-II(7)49>. In a recent example, thieno[3,4-f]pyrazoles 160 were readily prepared from aryl 5-bromomethyl-l//-l-phenylpyrazole-4-yl ketones 159 by reaction with thioacetamide (Equation 35) <1998JHC71>. Additionally, an example of an amination cyclization by reaction of 161 with benzylamine to afford pyrrolo[3,4-i/ thiazole 162 has been described (Equation 36) <1998JHC71>. 

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