Flame bench-scale laboratory

Also described in Ref. k is a new optical layout for LV data acquisition which permits a significant increase in the overlap between the Raman and LV probe test volumes. The worth of the various correlations of density and temperature with velocity is critically dependent upon the accuracy of this overlap at all flame measurement positions. Thus, one must either lock the Raman and LV probes together in a precise but movable fashion -a rather difficult procedure for the precision required for bench scale" laboratory flames - or else translate the flame. 

BENCH-SCALE APPARATUS. Laboratory combustion devices include flame-plate, pot-burner, and Institute of Petroleum Technology (IPT) wick-lamp apparatus. Small-scale combustors could be considered laboratory equipment, but results obtained... 

The UL 94 standard specihes bench-scale test methods to determine the acceptability of plastic materials for use in appliances or other devices with respect to flammability under controlled laboratory conditions. The test method that is used depends on the intended end-use of the material and its orientation in the device. The standard outlines two horizontal burning tests, three vertical burning tests, and a radiant panel flame spread test. The most commonly used test method described in the UL 94 standard is the 20-mm Vertical Burning Test V-0, V-l, or V-2. The method is also described in ASTM D 3801. A schematic of the test setup is shown in Figure 14.3. 

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