Batteries with Absorptive Glass Mat

On the other hand, the resilience arising from the assembly pressure must not be noticeably reduced by fiber fracture or drying-out. 

The small pore size and the uniform distribution result in capillary forces which should allow wicking heights and thus battery heights of up to 30 cm. 

Developments to produce such absorptive mats totally from organic fibers even go one step further. Only recently success came in achieving a suitable fiber diameter and permanent hydrophihzation [99]. Such materials are not yet commercially available, however, and field experience has not been reported as yet 

2 Batteries with Celled Electrolyte An advanced solution to the problem 

Absorptive microfiber glass mat separators (100% glass fibers  

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The small pore size and the uniform distribution result in capillary forces which should allow wicking heights and thus battery heights of up to 30 cm. Due to the cavities required for gas transfer and under the effect of gravity, the electrolyte forms a filling profile, i.e., fewer cavities remain at the bottom than at the top. Therefore with absorptive glass mats a rather flat battery... 

Separators are used to electrically insulate between positive and negative plates to prevent a short circuit. Separators are porous to allow acid transport into or ont of the plates. The common separators are microporous polyethylene (PE) or absorptive glass mat (AGM). AGM is a nonwoven fabric made with glass microfiber. It is used widely for VRLAs because it is highly porous (90% to 95%) and can absorb more acid and has small pore size to maintain electrolyte levels in battery. Table 1.11 shows the properties of battery separator materials. 

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