Batteries applications conventional carbons

To summarize, SC2B1.1C3.2 exhibits properties characteristic of GICs, and it can be considered to be the first boron and carbon mixed GIC with a [B1/3C2/3] graphitic layer. Up to now, hundreds of GIC s with conventional carbon graphite layers have been researched over the years, and this can be the start of new exploration. The intercalant atomic density in the [B/C] GIC is quite high, which may have potential for battery applications. Replacement by other intercalants besides scandium-based ones should be explored. 

Many potential applications of carbon fibers in batteries have been reported but their inherent high cost compared to conventional electrode materials such as graphite powder, porous carbon, and molded carbon have precluded their use in commercial applications so far (see Ch. 10, Sec. 3.0). PI... 

Similarly to lithium ion batteries, it is intended to use in sodium ion batteries conventional aprotic electrolytes impregnating a porous separator (Celgard), solid polymer electrolytes, and much attention has been paid lately to ionic liquids. As the electrochemical window of sodium ion electrochemical systems is somewhat narrower than in the case of lithium ion systems, the probability of successful application of ionic liquids in sodium ion batteries is rather high. Of liquid electrolytes, NaPFg solutions in pure propylene carbonate (PC) and in mixtures of ethylene carbonate (EC) with diethyl carbonate (DEC), solutions of NaC104 in PC, mixtures of EC-DEC, EC—dimethyl carbonate, and so on have been described. 

---