Batch chemical process

Phillips, C.H., Lausche, G., and Peerhossaini, H. (1997) Intensification of batch chemical processes by using integrated chemical reactor... 

Sravana, K. K.. Diagnostic Knowledge-Based systems for batch chemical processes hypothesis queuing and evaluation," PhD Thesis, The Ohio State University (1994). 

As with continuous processes, the heart of a batch chemical process is its reactor. Idealized reactor models were considered in Chapter 5. In an ideal-batch reactor, all fluid elements have the same residence time. There is thus an analogy between ideal-batch reactors and plug-flow reactors. There are four major factors that effect batch reactor performance ... 

Overview Batch processes are mostly suited to low volume high value added products that are usually characterised by common recipes, which render them amenable to sharing of equipment units. Due to their intrinsic adaptation to sudden changes in recipe, they are processes of choice in volatile or unstable conditions that have become regular in global markets. This chapter provides the background information on batch chemical processes, which constitutes the basis for the forthcoming chapters. Only the essential elements of batch plants are captured with references, where necessary, to further sources of information for the benefit of the reader. 

Batch chemical processes are broadly categorised into multiproduct and multipurpose batch plants. In multiproduct batch plants, each produced batch follows the same sequence of unit operations from raw materials to final products. However, the... 

Since they are comprised of time dependent tasks, it is paramount that time is addressed in an almost exact manner in describing batch chemical processes. Any attempt that seeks to bypass or override this fundamental feature of batch processes... 

T. Majozi, Batch Chemical Process Integration, DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-2588-3 2, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010... 

Grewer, T., DECHEMA Monograph, 1980, 88(1818-1835), 21-30 One of the principal causes of batch chemical processes becoming unstable is the combination of a high reaction exotherm and a low reaction rate (or rates if there is more than one component reaction in the overall process). A secondary cause of reaction delay leading to instability is too little mass transfer. To permit safe operation of such reaction systems, the reaction energy (which may be expressed as a dimensionless reaction number) and the reaction rate(s) must be known. The possibility of there being a lower safe limit as well an upper safe limit to reaction temperature is discussed. 

A 10,000 gallon holding tank receives an aqueous byproduct effluent stream from a batch chemical Process. The constant-volume tank is well mixed and drains into a river. A batch process is recycled every 8 h, and in the cleanup of the reactor 1000 gallons are rapidly drained into the tank at the end of each batch run. The byproduct decomposes in the tank with a rate coefficient of 0.2 h . ... 

In this section, the phenol-formaldehyde reaction is introduced as a case study. This reaction has been chosen because of its kinetic complexity and its high exothermic-ity, which poses a strong challenge for modeling and control practice. The kinetic model presented here is adopted to simulate a realistic batch chemical process the identification, control, and diagnosis approaches developed in the next chapters are validated by resorting to this model. 

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