Basic Concepts of Chemical Kinetics

Basic Concepts of Chemical Kinetics. The rate at which any constituent of the initial mixture undergoing chemical reaction disappears is generally expressed as a modified form of the law of natural decay (or growth). This law in its simplest form is usually written as... 

The Development of Basic Concepts of Chemical Kinetics in Heterogeneous Catalysis... 

How far should one go in search of the sources of science "The past is a well of ineffable depth wrote Thomas Mann beginning his novel Joseph and his Brothers. As far as chemical kinetics is concerned, it is far from being true. Certainly, one can trace its remote sources (as far back as Empedocles and Aristotle), but the origin of this science is quite certain it is the 1850s-1870s. The basic concepts of chemical kinetics as a science were formulated at that time on the basis of liquid-phase organic reactions. 

There are many references (e.g.. Frost and Pearson, 1961 Laidler, 1965 Gardiner, 1969 Bernasconi, 1986) that cover the basic concepts of chemical kinetics, and the reader is encouraged to refer to some of these for more detailed and complete information. There is a good chapter on ion-exchange kinetics in Helfferich s (1962) book on ion exchange. An excellent reference on kinetics of geochemical processes is available (Lasaga and Kirkpatrick, 1981). Until recently, reference books on kinetic processes in soils were nonexistent. Fortunately, Sparks (1985,1986, 1989) has produced two review chapters and a new book to fill this information gap. With these concepts established, a brief discussion of the types of reactions that occur in soil systems is necessary because reaction type will often dictate the choice of method to be used. 

In this chapter, we reviewed some basic concepts of chemical kinetics. We saw how to construct and analyze mechanisms for complex chemical reactions, and we... 

Part 1, which constists of the first eight chapters, presents the basic concepts of chemical kinetics. Particular importance is given to definitions and the introduction of concepts. This part includes a first approach to kinetic calculations and some information on elementary reactions. All these models are widely adopted and developed in the Part 2, which, in seven chapters (Chapters 9-15), deepens the relationships between reaction mechanisms and kinetic properties. 

Basic Concepts in Chemical Kinetics—Determination of the Reaction Rate Expression... 

One feature that distinguishes the education of the chemical engineer from that of other engineers is an exposure to the basic concepts of chemical reaction kinetics and chemical reactor design. This textbook provides a judicious introductory level overview of these subjects. Emphasis is placed on the aspects of chemical kinetics and material and energy balances that form the foundation for the practice of reactor design. 

The basic concept in chemical kinetics is the reaction rate. For elementary reactions it is the number of elementary acts in a chemical conversion per unit reaction volume or per unit reaction surface for unit time. 

This chapter gives an introduction to the subject of chemical reaction engineering. The first part introduces basic definitions and concepts of chemical reaction engineering and chemical kinetics and the importance of mass and heat transfer to the overall chemical reaction rate. In the second part, the basic concepts of chemical reactor design are covered, including steady-state models and their use in the development... 

The necessity of considering chemical reactions that proceed at finite rates distinguishes combustion theory from other extensions of fluid dynamics. Concepts of chemical kinetics therefore comprise an integral part of the subject. The phenomenological laws for rates of chemical reactions are presented in Section B.l. Various mechanisms for chemical reactions are considered in Section B.2, which includes discussion of recent work in explosion theory. This section contains material specifically related to combustion that is seldom found in basic texts on chemical kinetics. Theoretical predictions of reaction-rate functions for homogeneous and heterogeneous processes are addressed in Sections B.3 and B.4, respectively. References [1]-[4] are textbooks of a basic nature on chemical kinetics [5]-[12] contain, in addition, material more directly applicable in combustion,... 

The influence of chemical equilibrium and/or kinetics on the progress of chemical reactions often determines the abundance, distribution, and fate of substances in the environment. An understanding of the basic concepts of chemical equilibrium and chemical kinetics, therefore, may help us to explain and predict the environmental concentrations of inorganic and organic species in aqueous systems, whether these species are present naturally or have been introduced by humans. In this chapter we will examine chemical equilibrium. The following chapter considers chemical kinetics or the study of rates of chemical reactions. 

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