Basic Brown

Bismarck brown, Basic Brown 1 Basic azo-dyestuff, dyes wool (reddish brown), used for cotton with tannin as mordant. Used as hair dye. 

Nitro-l-diazo-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid prefers the 2-position in spite of the nitro group, and increasing alkalinity favors ortho coupling with diazophenols. 1-Naphthalenesulfamic acid [24344-19-2] (ArNHSO H) and N-nitro-1-naphthylamine [4323-69-7] (ArNHNO ) couple exclusively in the para position. The substitution of resorcinol [108-46-3] and y -phenylenediamine [108-45-2] is compHcated and has been discussed (29,30). The first azo dyes from aniline, eg. Aniline Yellow [60-09-3] (19) (Cl Solvent Yellow 1 Cl 11000) were manufactured in 1861 and Bismark Brown [10114-58-6] (20) (Cl Basic Brown 1 Cl 21000) appeared in 1863. The reaction is as follows ... 

Two important browns, other than benzidine derivatives, are of azo chemical composition. Direct Brown 30 [6222-60-2] (82) (Cl 17630) is produced by coupling Primuline [30133-37-2] (Cl 49000) to N-phenylgamma acid under alkaline conditions. Direct Brown 44 [6252-62-6] (Cl 35005-35010) is produced by coupling two moles of sulfanilic acid to Bismark Brown [10114-58-6] (Basic Brown 1) (Cl 21000) forming a heterogeneous product with a significant component (83). 

The nitrogen atoms of the twisted amides discussed on pages 107-108 are to a greater or lesser extent pyramidal, and incipient lone pairs electron density is thus available for reactions with electrophiles. The classic example is the cage lactam [57] first prepared by Pracejus (1959), which has an amide nitrogen with near normal amine basicity. Brown and coworkers have measured rates of alkaline hydrolysis of a series of anilides [58] and [59] with related structures and find that the rate increases with increasing divergence... 

Awad, HS Abo Galwa N. Electrochemical degradation of Acid Blue and Basic Brown dyes on Pb/Pb02 electrode in the presence of different conductive electrolyte and effect of various operating factors. Chemosphere, 2005 61, 1327-1335. 

Low-molecular azo dyes, such as C.I. Basic Brown 1 (34), which bear basic groups are also classified in this category. 

Basic (cationic) dyes. Basic dyes are water-soluble and produce colored cations in solution. They are mostly amino and substituted amino compounds soluble in acid and made insoluble by the solution being made basic. They become attached to the fibers by formation of salt linkages (ionic bonds) with anionic groups in the fiber. They are used to dye paper, polyacrylonitrile, modified nylons, and modified polyesters. In solvents other than water, they form writing and printing inks. The principal chemical classes are triaryl methane or xanthenes. Basic brown 1 is an example of a cationic dye that is readily protonated under the pH 2 to 5 conditions of dyeing [5]. 

These are mainly used to dye wool and silk, mod-acrylic, nylon, and polyester. They can be applied to cotton with a mordant (a substance used to set dyes). Basic dyes include monoazoic, diazoic, and azine compounds. Basic Red 46, a monoazoic dye, was implicated in a sweater-induced dermatitis. Basic Brown 1 (Figure 17), Basic Black 1, Brilliant Green, Turquoise Reactive and Neutrichrome Red have also been reported as allergens. 

Basic Brown 1 (Bismarck Brown R) 21000 Basic Diazoic... 

---