B Preparation of Acetanilide

Acetic anhydride is a lachrymator. Transfer this material in a hood and do not inhale its vapors. 

Preparation Sign in at www.cengage.com/login to answer Pre-Lab Exercises, access videos, and read the MSDSs for the chemicals used or produced in this procedure. Review Sections 2.9, 2.10, 2.11, 2.17, and 2.26. 

Apparatus A 250-mL Erienmeyer fiask, thermometer, ice-water bath, apparatus for magnetic stirring, vacuum fiitration, and f/ame/ess heating. 

Setting Up Add 3.6 mL of aniiine to the Erienmeyer fiask containing 100 mL of 0.4 A/fhydrochioric acid and equipped with a stirbar. Stir the mixture to effect soiution and warm it to about 50 °C. Prepare a soiution containing 6.0 g of sodium acetate trihydrate dissoived in 20 mL of water, and, in a separate container, measure out 4.4 mL of acetic anhydride. 

Reaction and Isolation Add the acetic anhydride in one portion to the warm soiution of aniiinium hydrochioride. Stir the soiution vigorously and then add the soiution of 

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B. Preparation of acetanilide. Since ketene is a highly reactive gas, it is usually prepared for immediate consumption instead of being isolated as such. It reacts with various groups which contain hydrogen, such as hydroxyl, amino, mercaptan, hydroxylamino, etc., forming acetyl derivatives. 

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