Axial continuous furnaces

Binary liquid metal systems were used in liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic generators and liquid-metal fuel cell systems for which boiling heat transfer characteristics were required. Mori et al. (1970) studied a binary liquid metal of mercury and the eutectic alloy of bismuth and lead flowing through a vertical, alloy steel tube of 2.54-cm (1-in) O.D., which was heated by radiation in an electric furnace. In their experiments, both axial and radial temperature distributions were measured, and the liquid temperature continued to increase when boiling occurred. A radial temperature gradient also existed even away from the thin layer next to the... 

Measurements in the combustion space indicate that the average glass surface temperature profile rises sharply from a low near 1700 K closest to the batch feeder to about 1850 K at the next downstream location, then continues to rise steadily down the axial length of the furnace along the centerline to a peak of approximately 1910 K in the region of ports 4 and 5. The molten glass surface temperature then drops to near 1800 K at the measured location closest to the furnace working end. 

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