Avram

Within the cubane synthesis the initially produced cyclobutadiene moiety (see p. 329) is only stable as an iron(O) complex (M. Avram, 1964 G.F. Emerson, 1965 M.P. Cava, 1967). When this complex is destroyed by oxidation with cerium(lV) in the presence of a dienophilic quinone derivative, the cycloaddition takes place immediately. Irradiation leads to a further cyclobutane ring closure. The cubane synthesis also exemplifies another general approach to cyclobutane derivatives. This starts with cyclopentanone or cyclohexane-dione derivatives which are brominated and treated with strong base. A Favorskii rearrangement then leads to ring contraction (J.C. Barborak, 1966). 

Olga Gavduk. Revold Pantaler, Avram Blank... 

ARIEL EWENSON, BERTHA CROITORU AND AVRAM BECKER ... 

An in vitro study demonstrated that cadmium and zinc have an antagonistic effect on the inhibitory effects of lead on human ALAD activity (Davis and Avram 1978). Cadmium was 40-100 times more potent than zinc in activating ALAD. Furthermore, the combined effects of cadmium and lead in tissue resulted in an additively increased risk of mortality related to cardiac failure in humans with significant relation to age in 80% of the cases (Voors et al. 1982). 

Davis JR, Avram MJ. 1978. A comparison of the stimulatory effects of cadmium and zinc on normal and lead-inhibited human erythrocytic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 44 181 -190. 

Luca C, Poinescu IG, Avram E, Ioanid A, Petrariu I, Carpov A (1983) J Appl Polym Sci 28 3701... 

M. Avram and G. Matescu, Infrared Spectroscopy, Wiley-Interscience, New York, p. 323 (1972). 

The remarkable tricyolo-octanes shown below have recently been synthesized (Avram et al., 1964). They both yield 1,5-cyclo-octadiene on pyrolysis at 150° C which suggests that the Mnetic parameters for these isomerizations cannot be two dissimilar to those for the isomerization of bicyclo[2,2,0]hexane,... 

Avram et al. (1964) have reported the preparation of the tricyclic systems shown below and their thermal isomerizations. Both isomers yield cyclo-octatetraene at temperatures above 100° C. Compound I isomerizes to cyclo-octatetraene with a half life of about 20 minutes... 

HV178 Cremer L., A. Herold, D. Avram, and G. Szegli. A purified green barley extract with modulatory properties upon TNF alpha and ROS released by human specialised cells isolated from RA patients. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol 1998 57(3-4) 231-242. 

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