Avocado pear

Atherosperma (Atherospermine, C30H40O5N2, amorphous, from A. moschala and Doryphora (doryphorine, CigHj O N, m.p. 115-7°, from D. Sassafras). Appleman has also recorded the presence of alkaloids in the leaves of the Fuerte variety of avocado pear (Persea gratissima Gaertn). ... 

Persea gratissima Gaertn. (Avocado pear). The leaves are reported to contain pharmacologically active at oids. (SteUfeld, Tribuna Farm., 1938, 6, 96 Appleman, Calif. Avoctfdo Soc. Year-book, 1944, 87.)... 

Almost certainly derived from fatty acids are the seed constituents of some Lauraceae like the C,7 ethynyl triol 6 from the avocado pear and the laurencin... 

A. is isolated from potatoes, avocado pears, cabbage, rose leaves, and numerous trees. A. is a widely distributed sesquiterpene with the skeleton of the io-nones. For the most important data of A. (1), A. /S-D-glucopyranoside (2), and nigellic acid (3) see table. 

Definition Oil obtained by pressing dehydrated avocado pear Persea americana consists principally of glycerides of fatty acids Properties YIsh.-green to brownish-green oil, faint char, odor sol. in min. oil, isopropyl esters, ethanol insol. in water dens. 0.908-0.925 iodine no. 84-95 sapon. no. 177-198 ref. index 1.460-1.470... 

Kashman, Y., Neeman, I., and Lifshitz, A. 1969. New compounds from avocado pear. 

Frega, N., Bocci, R, Capozzi, R, Luchinat, C., Capella, R, and Lercker, C. 1991. A new lipid component identified in avocado pear by GC-MS and NMR-spectroscopy. Chem. Phys. Lipids 60 133-142. 

The aim of our projeet was to identify and determine the fatty acid content of these oils by means of C H NMR spectroscopy. The C H NMR spectra of locally produced marula, apricot kernel, avocado pear, grape seed, macadamia nut, and mango kernel oils are very similar to those of the well-studied olive oil, we attempted to assign their C H NMR spectra by the method used by Mannina et al. for olive oil (1). Mannina et al aehieved assignment of the C H spectra in part by addition of pure Standard triaeylglyeerols we shall refer to as the standard-addition method. For our locally produced oils we found however, that full assignment of the spectra was... 

Standard triacylglycerols, tripalmitin, tripalmitolein, tristearin, triolein and trilinolein, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without fiirther purification (> 99% purity). Samples of olive oil were provided by Brenn-o-Kem (Wolseley, South Afiica). Macadamia nut and avocado pear oil were supplied by Specialized Oils (Paardeneiland, Cape Town, South Africa). All oils were filtered before use. For storage, the oils were flushed with nitrogen gas and refrigerated at -25 C. 

Methyl esterification of vegetable oils for GC analysis (12) was carried out as follows Sodium (0.5 g) was dissolved in 100 ml methanol. The sodium methoxide solution (0.3 g) together with 2 g of the specific vegetable oil was placed in a vial and heat sealed. The heat sealed vial was left for 2 hours at 85-90 °C in an oil bath, with occasionally shaking. GC analysis of macadamia nut and avocado pear oil samples was carried out to determine their fatty acid content in order to compare with the C NMR spectroscopy data obtained. 20 pi of each sample was diluted with 1 ml of dichloromethane and 1 pi of the solution was inserted in the gas chromatograph inlet. Analysis was performed on a HP 5890 Series 2 Gas Chromatograph. The column employed was a fused silica capillary (30 m x 0.25 mm i.d., 0.2 mm film-thickness) coated with a 100% cyanopropylpolysiloxane non-bonded phase. The column temperature was programmed from 40 to 240 C at a rate of 4 C/min. 

Lavaud F, Prevost A, Cossart C, Guerin L, Bernard J, Kochman S (1995) Allergy to latex, avocado pear, and banana - evidence for a 30 kd antigen in immunoblotting. J Allergy Clin Immunol 95 557-564... 

Abou-Aziz, A.B., Rizke, A.M., Hammouda, F.M. and El-Tanahy, M.M. (1973) Seasonal changes of lipids and fatty acids in two varieties of avocado pear fruits. Qml. Plant. Mater. Veg. 22, 253-259. 

Peanut (groundnut) see Arachis hypogaea Pea see Pisum spp Peperomia 130 Peperomia peruviana 126 Persea gratissima (avocado pear) 69, 98 Pharbitis nil 89, 93 Phaseolus htdois) 8,13,... 

The only octose, D-glycero-D-mannooctulose (LVIII) so far isolated from natural sources is present in an aqueous extiact of the Californian avocado pear, along with D-sedoheptulose. 

D-Mannoheptulose 152° + 29° p-Bromophenyl- hydrazone 179° Avocado pear Persea gratissima ... 

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