Automated monitoring device

For many automated monitoring devices the sensitivity to temporal variation comes at the price of portability they are used principally in fixed-point monitoring applications because they are expensive to purchase, large, heavy, and require a temperature-controlled housing. However, a number of researchers have overcome these constraints to some extent by using mobile air monitoring laboratories to sample spatial as well as temporal variation (7, 8, 9). 

The relatively large, two-story JACADS complex included myriad electrical, mechanical, automated, and robotic equipment (including many monitoring devices) used to destroy or dispose of multiple types of agents and all their varied kinds of containers and weapons systems. Constant attention had to be paid to safety while meeting production goals. 

Applications in Clinical Analysis An example of the application of a potentiometric enzyme-based biosensor in clinical analysis is an automated monitor designed specifically to analyze blood samples at the bedside of palicnls. The i-STAT Portable Clinical Analyzer, shown in I igure 23-14a. is a handheld device capable of determining a broad range of clinically important analytes such as polas-... 

Schaefer U, Boos W, Takors R, Weuster-Bootz D (1999). Automated sample device for monitoring intracellular metabolite dynamics. Anal. Biochem. 270 88-96. 

The myriad technical advances in our understanding of hazards and risk evaluation, improvements in chemical analysis, improvements in miniaturization and automation of laboratory operations, and the availability of vastly improved safety equipment, atmosphere-monitoring devices, and personal protective equipment and... 

For optimizing the use of biocides against biofilms, it will be useful to monitor their development on surfaces in situ, on line, in real time and possibly in a way which can be automated. Some devices have been developed which fulfil these requirements (Flemming, 2003 Tamachkiarow and Flemming, 2003). 

Cumulative samplers can be used to greatest advantage in determination of spatial variations in pollutant concentration their low cost and small size relative to automated air monitoring devices makes it practical to deploy samplers at multiple locations simultaneously throughout a study area. Cumulative sampling is also the only feasible method currently available to make quantitative measurements of personal exposure to most air contaminants at typical ambient concentrations in the general urban environment. 

Immunosensors promise to become principal players ia chemical, diagnostic, and environmental analyses by the latter 1990s. Given the practical limits of immunosensors (low ppb or ng/mL to mid-pptr or pg/mL) and their portabiUty, the primary appHcation is expected to be as rapid screening devices ia noncentralized clinical laboratories, ia iatensive care faciUties, and as bedside monitors, ia physicians offices, and ia environmental and iadustrial settings (49—52). Industrial appHcations for immunosensors will also include use as the basis for automated on-line or flow-injection analysis systems to analyze and control pharmaceutical, food, and chemical processing lines (53). Immunosensors are not expected to replace laboratory-based immunoassays, but to open up new appHcations for immunoassay-based technology. 

S. Lacorte, J. J. Vreuls, J. S. Salau, R Ventura and D. Barcelo, Monitoring of pesticides in river water using fully automated on-line solid-phase extraction and liquid cliro-matography with diode array detection with a novel filrtation device , J. Chromatogr. 795 71-82(1998). 

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