Autoantibodies cytokine role

Unlike most ADRs that are mediated by the adaptive immune system, there are some very good animal models of systemic DIAI involving autoantibody production. While these models have revealed that there are multiple mechanisms by which drugs initiate autoimmunity, it is clear that Th2 cytokines, such as IL-4 and lL-6, play an important role in all types of systemic DlAl (Kroemer et al. 1996 Qasim et al. 1997 Yung et al. 1995). These cytokines mediate the humoral aspects of DlAl, including autoantibody production and B cell proliferation and differentiation. Neutrahzing either lL-4 (Ochel et al. 1991) or lL-6 (Finck et al. 1994) decreases the severity of DlAl in animal models. In contrast, treatments that enhance Th2 immunity by inhibiting Thl cytokines such as TNF-a increase the severity of DlAl (Ishida et al. 1994). 

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