Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder antipsychotics

Other interventions used for refractory bipolar depressed patients include atypical antipsychotics, thyroid hormones, stimulants (often used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), and phototherapy. Repetitive transcraneal magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) are techniques currently being researched. 

The CNS stimulants methylphenidate and dexamfetamine are drugs of choice for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Second line treatment options include clonidine and the antipsychotic agents risperidone, haloperidol and sulpiride. 

About a quarter of the 3 million campers in the 2,600 camps belonging to the American Camp Association are medicated for attention deficit disorder, psychiatric problems, or mood disorders, according to Peg L. Smith, chief executive officer. The proliferation of children on stimulants for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), antidepressants, or antipsychotic drugs is not only in the setting of camps. It is the extension of an increasingly common year-round regimen in schools and at home. 

Drug treatment of childhood psychosis and other behavioral disorders of children is confused by diagnostic inconsistencies and a paucity of controlled trials. Antipsychotics can benefit children with disorders characterized by features that occur in adult psychoses, mania, autism, or Tourette s syndrome. Low doses of the more potent or modem atypical agents usually are preferred in an attempt to avoid interference with daytime activities or performance in school. Attention deficit disorder, with or without hyperactivity, responds poorly to antipsychotic agents, but... 

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