Atoms for Peace Award

Georg von Hevesy. Hungarian chemist who, with Dr. Dirk Coster of the University of Groningen, discovered the element hafnium in zirconium ores and made a thorough study of its properties. Author of many papers on chemical analysis by X-rays, radioactivity, the rare earths, and electrolytic conduction. In 1943 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and in 1959 he received the Atoms for Peace Award. 

In 1951 McMillan and Glenn T. Seaborg received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements. He also received the 1950 Research Corporation Scientific Award and, in 1963, the Atoms for Peace Award along with Professor V. I. Veksler. He retired in 1973. 

Born in Budapest in 1885, he began his first radioisotope studies in plants in 1923. In 1934, he left Berlin for pohtical reasons to go to Copenhagen to work with Niels Bohr. In 1935, Ernest Lawrence sent phosphorus-32 by regular mail from California. Hevesy published more than 400 scientific articles, and won the Nobel prize in 1944. In 1959, he received the Atoms For Peace award by the US Atomic Energy Commission. He died on July 5,1966 in Freiburg, Germany. 

Part of the British team of physicists working on the Manhattan Project became an advocate of the peaceful use of nuclear energy received the first ever Atoms for Peace Award in 1957 one of the founding fathers of CERN in 1954. 

MCMILLAN, EDWIN M. (1907-1991). An American physicist who won the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1951 along with Glenn T. Seaborg lor their discoveries In the chemistry of the transuranium elements. His work included research in nuclear physics and particle accelerator development as well as microwave radar and sonar. He and his colleagues discovered neptunium and plutonium. He was the recipient of the Atoms for Peace prize in 1963. His Ph D. in Physics was awarded from Princeton University. 

He went on to the United States, where until 1945 he worked with other physicists on the atomic bomb development at Los Alamos, New Mexico. His insistence on sharing the secret of the atomic bomb with other allies, to permit international control over nuclear energy, so angered Winston Churchill that he had to be restrained from ordering Bohr s arrest. Bohr worked hard and long on behalf of the development and use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes. For his efforts, he was awarded the first Atoms for Peace Prize in 1957. He died in Copenhagen on November 18,1962. 

Linus Pauling is the only person to have been awarded two undivided Nobel Prizes. His first prize was for chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances. He developed the idea of the Pauling Electronegativity, which helps quantify chemical bonding between atoms. He was later honored for his work regarding arms control and disarmament he won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. 

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